抄録
This study was aimed to investigate the macaque population si ze and human-macaque con.ict at Shoushan National Nature Park located in Kaohsiung city in southern Taiwan. Five transects were set up and surveyed for macaques, and were partially monitored for human-macaque interactions. Field observation on macaques and questionnaire survey were also conducted in the surrounding area of the Nature Park, in order to investigate the activity of macaques outside the Park. In total, 36 macaque troops were observed from 6 population censuses. The population size of macaques was 1411 (range: 1251-1592), the population density was estimated to be 225 monkeys/km2 (range: 199-254 monkeys/km2). Agonistic interactions between tourists and macaques, and food snatching by macaques resulted in conflict between humans and macaques. However, the frequency of human-initiated agonism toward macaques was 6.5 times higher than that initiated by macaques. Provisioning to, food snatching and searching for human food remains by macaques were observed, by which the macaques obtained human foods. Provisioning occurred more frequently in the northern boardwalk. Agonism toward macaques by humans and food snatching by macaques occurred significantly more frequently during weekends than weekdays. According to the questionnaire survey, monkeys were reported to forage in the residential area surrounding the Nature Park, and human-macaque con.ict occurred in the area, by which the residents were impacted. However, we identi.ed that only four macaque troops and certain solitary males ever searched for human food in the surrounding residential area of the Nature Park during the study period.
