3　核兵器廃絶に関する4報告の比較と米国への影響

抄録

The main purpose of this article is to compare four reports on the issue of the elimination of nuclear weapons, namely Report of the Canberra Commission on the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons published in 1996, Facing Nuclear Dangers: An Action Plan for the 21st Century published by the Tokyo Forum for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament in 1999, Weapons of Terror: Freeing the World of Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Arms published by the Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission in 2006, and Eliminating Nuclear Threats: A Practical Agenda for Global Policymakers published by the International Commission on Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament in 2009.

The author selects nine topics that are regarded as vital issues for the promotion of nuclear disarmament, and carefully reviews how those topics are dealt with in each report. The topics are as follows: definition and treatment of nuclear abolition, actual process of reduction of nuclear weapons, non-first use of nuclear weapons, reduction of the role of nuclear weapons, de-alerting of nuclear weapons, early entry-into-force of the CTBT and banning nuclear tests, treaty banning the production of fissile materials, expansion of nuclearweapon-free zones, and protection of the spread of nuclear weapons to terrorist groups.

After examining the four reports regarding the above points, the author attempts to measure the influence of those reports on the nuclear policy of the Obama administration by reviewing the Nuclear Posture Review Report (NPR) published by the US Department of Defense in April 2010. Although there is no description of non-first use and nuclear-weapon-free zones, other issues are mentioned in the NPR, and the author recognizes that to some degree there is linkage between the proposals made by the four reports and the contents of the NPR.