8　コミュニケーションと平和――フィリピンにおける民衆自立運動の事例から

抄録

A little unique performance of the Passion “Kalbaryo” during Holy week is done every year in St. Vincent Ferrer (SVF) Parish which is mostly located in Barangay La Granja, La Carlota City, Negros Occidental. The people realized the communication which conscientized the violence surrounding themselves, and a grass root religious movement (Basic Christian Community=BCC) rose there. But, most of those activists recently point out the “change” of Kalbaryo and regression of its movement under the circumstances that the parish priest changes one after another in a short period after 1999. Why does it happen? Was there a cause that inhered in the movement or the people’s communication activities themselves?

In this paper the author studies about the necessary conditions of communication toward peace through the analysis of people’s struggles and communication activities for their self-reliance.

The present use of “development” as a transitive verb was invented by the President Truman in January 1949. Destruction of environment/culture, dissolution of social relationships/communities, plunder of livelihood and subordination of the global market have been called as development since then. Developmentalism seized the concept of development and made the people believe that development can solve whole problems such as poverty, hunger and epidemic. However, such problems are caused by violence of developmentalism. Therefore we should break away from developmentalism to overcome its violence. In this paper, the author defines “communication beyond developmentalism” as counter-concept against “development communication” and applies it to analysis the people’s communication activities toward peace. Both of them simultaneously exist in the communication.

In Kalbaryo the communication that had the intention to continuously reach peace in long term certainly existed. It built the people’s solidarity against the militarization (developmentalism) that guarded the profits of the development in short term. However, developmentalism is contained even in the people’s communication and BCC movement. The elements of “development communication” were found out even in Kalbaryo. Reducing those elements in the communication is the way to peace.