STUDENT EXPECTATION OF COUNSELING A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY

MACHIKO FUKUHARA

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.15.179

STUDENT EXPECTATION OF COUNSELING

A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY

MACHIKO FUKUHARA

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1973 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 179-193

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.15.179

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Published: December 10, 1973 Received: November 17, 1973 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
Correction information
Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : BENTLEY, J. C. 1965 Role theory in counseling: A problem in definition. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 44, 11-17.
COOKE, NI. K., & KIESLER, D. J. 1967 Prediction of college students who later require personal counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 14, 346-349.
GIBSON, R. L. 1962 Teacher opinions of high school guidance programs. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 40 453.
GOIN, M. K., YAMAMOTO, J., & SILVERMAN, J. 1965 Therapy congruent with class-linked expectations. Archives of General Psychiatry, 13, 133-137.
GRANT, C. W. 1954a How students perceive the counselor. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 32, 386-388.
GRANT, C. W. 1954b Counselor's role. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 33, 74.
HANSEN, D. A. 1963 The Indifferent intercourse of counseling and society. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 10, 3-13.
HARA, K. 1964 An experimental study on school counseling in Japan. Unpublished report to UNAFEI.
KING, P. T., & MATTESON, R. W. 1959 Student perception of counseling center services. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 37, 358-364.
MCGOWN, J. F., & SCHMIDT, L. D. 1962 Counseling: Readings in theory and practice. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Inc.
OLSON, E. 1969 Counseling services in Europe. ERIC/CAPS Capsule, fall.
OVERALL, B., & AARONSON, H. 1963 Expectation of psychotherapy in patients of lower socio-economic class. American Journal of Or-thopsychiarty, 33, 421-430.
PATTERSON, C. H. 1958 Client expectations and social conditioning. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 37, 136-138.
PORTER, E. 1950,4n Introduction to therapeutic counseling Cambridge: Riverside Press.
ROSSMANN, J., & KIRK B. 1970 Comparison of counseling seekers and non-seekers. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17, 184-188.
SHERTZER, B., & STONE, S. C. 1968 Fundamentals of counseling. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
SNYDER, W. U. 1961 The psychotherapy relation ship. N.Y.: MacMillan.
SNYDER, J. F., HILL, C. E., & DERKSEN, T. P. 1972 Why some students do not use university counseling facilities. Journal of Counseling Psy chology, 19, 263-268.
WALZ, G. 1971 Counselor survival. ERIC/CAPS Capsule; fall.
WARMAN, R. 1960 Differential perceptions of counseling role. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 7, 269-274.
WRENN, G. 1962 Counselor in a changing world. Washington, D.C., APGA.
WRENN, G. 1969 International guidance-A conversation with G. Wrenn. ERIC/CAPS Capsule, fall.

Right : BENTLEY, J. C. 1965 Role theory in counseling: A problem in definition. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 44, 11-17.
COOKE, M. K., & KIESLER, D. J. 1967 Prediction of college students who later require personal counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 14, 346-349.
GIBSON, R. L. 1962 Teacher opinions of high school guidance programs. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 40 453.
GOIN, M. K., YAMAMOTO, J., & SILVERMAN, J. 1965 Therapy congruent with class-linked expectations. Archives of General Psychiatry, 13, 133-137.
GRANT, C. W. 1954a How students perceive the counselor. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 32, 386-388.
GRANT, C. W. 1954b Counselor's role. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 33, 74.
HANSEN, D. A. 1963 The Indifferent intercourse of counseling and society. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 10, 3-13.
HARA, K. 1964 An experimental study on school counseling in Japan. Unpublished report to UNAFEI.
KLNG, P. T., & MATTESON, R. W. 1959 Student perception of counseling center services. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 37, 358-364.
MCGOWN, J. F., & SCHMIDT, L. D. 1962 Counseling: Readings in theory and practice. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Inc. OLSON, E. 1969 Counseling services in Europe. ERIC/CAPS Capsule, fall.
OVERALL, B., & AARONSON, H. 1963 Expectation of psychotherapy in patients of lower socio-economic class. American Journal of Orthopsychiarty, 33, 421-430.
PATTERSON, C. H. 1958 Client expectations and social conditioning. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 37, 136-138.
PORTER, E. 1950 An Introduction to therapeutic counseling Cambridge: Riverside Press.
ROSSMANN, J., & KIRK B. 1970 Comparison of counseling seekers and non-seekers. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17, 184-188.
SHERTZER, B., & STONE, S. C. 1968 Fundamentals of counseling. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
SNYDER, W. U. 1961 The psychotherapy relationship. N. Y.: MacMillan.
SNYDER, J. F., HILL, C. E., & DERKSEN, T. P. 1972 Why some students do not use university counseling facilitiess. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 19, 263-268.
WALZ, G. 1971 Counkselor surkuiual. ERIC/CAPS Capsule; fall.
WARMAN R. 1960 Diffkercntial perceptions of counseling roie. fournal of Counseling Psychology, 7, 269-274.
WRENN, G. 1962 Counselor in a changing world. Washington, D. C., APGA.
WRLNN. G. 1969 International guidance-A conuersation with G. Wrenn. ERIC/CAPS Capsule, fall.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : BENTLEY, J. C. 1965 Role theory in counseling: A problem in definition. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 44, 11-17.
COOKE, M. K., & KIESLER, D. J. 1967 Prediction of college students who later require personal counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 14, 346-349.
GIBSON, R. L. 1962 Teacher opinions of high school guidance programs. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 40 453.
GOIN, M. K., YAMAMOTO, J., & SILVERMAN, J. 1965 Therapy congruent with class-linked expectations. Archives of General Psychiatry, 13, 133-137.
GRANT, C. W. 1954a How students perceive the counselor. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 32, 386-388.
GRANT, C. W. 1954b Counselor's role. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 33, 74.
HANSEN, D. A. 1963 The Indifferent intercourse of counseling and society. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 10, 3-13.
HARA, K. 1964 An experimental study on school counseling in Japan. Unpublished report to UNAFEI.
KLNG, P. T., & MATTESON, R. W. 1959 Student perception of counseling center services. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 37, 358-364.
MCGOWN, J. F., & SCHMIDT, L. D. 1962 Counseling: Readings in theory and practice. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Inc. OLSON, E. 1969 Counseling services in Europe. ERIC/CAPS Capsule, fall.
OVERALL, B., & AARONSON, H. 1963 Expectation of psychotherapy in patients of lower socio-economic class. American Journal of Orthopsychiarty, 33, 421-430.
PATTERSON, C. H. 1958 Client expectations and social conditioning. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 37, 136-138.
PORTER, E. 1950 An Introduction to therapeutic counseling Cambridge: Riverside Press.
ROSSMANN, J., & KIRK B. 1970 Comparison of counseling seekers and non-seekers. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17, 184-188.
SHERTZER, B., & STONE, S. C. 1968 Fundamentals of counseling. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
SNYDER, W. U. 1961 The psychotherapy relationship. N. Y.: MacMillan.
SNYDER, J. F., HILL, C. E., & DERKSEN, T. P. 1972 Why some students do not use university counseling facilitiess. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 19, 263-268.
WALZ, G. 1971 Counkselor surkuiual. ERIC/CAPS Capsule; fall.
WARMAN R. 1960 Diffkercntial perceptions of counseling roie. fournal of Counseling Psychology, 7, 269-274.
WRENN, G. 1962 Counselor in a changing world. Washington, D. C., APGA.
WRLNN. G. 1969 International guidance-A conuersation with G. Wrenn. ERIC/CAPS Capsule, fall.

Right : BENTLEY, J. C. 1965 Role theory in counseling: A problem in definition. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 44, 11-17.
COOKE, M. K., & KIESLER, D. J. 1967 Prediction of college students who later require personal counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 14, 346-349.
GIBSON, R. L. 1962 Teacher opinions of high school guidance programs. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 40 453.
GOIN, M. K., YAMAMOTO, J., & SILVERMAN, J. 1965 Therapy congruent with class-linked expectations. Archives of General Psychiatry, 13, 133-137.
GRANT, C. W. 1954a How students perceive the counselor. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 32, 386-388.
GRANT, C. W. 1954b Counselor's role. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 33, 74.
HANSEN, D. A. 1963 The Indifferent intercourse of counseling and society. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 10, 3-13.
HARA, K. 1964 An experimental study on school counseling in Japan. Unpublished report to UNAFEI.
KING, P. T., & MATTESON, R. W. 1959 Student perception of counseling center services. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 37, 358-364.
MCGOWN, J. F., & SCHMIDT, L. D. 1962 Counseling: Readings in theory and practice. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Inc.
OLSON, E. 1969 Counseling services in Europe. ERIC/CAPS Capsule, fall.
OVERALL, B., & AARONSON, H. 1963 Expectation of psychotherapy in patients of lower socio-economic class. American Journal of Orthopsychiarty, 33, 421-430.
PATTERSON, C. H. 1958 Client expectations and social conditioning. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 37, 136-138.
PORTER, E. 1950 An Introduction to therapeutic counseling Cambridge: Riverside Press.
ROSSMANN, J., & KIRK B. 1970 Comparison of counseling seekers and non-seekers. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17, 184-188.
SHERTZER, B., & STONE, S. C. 1968 Fundamentals of counseling. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
SNYDER, W. U. 1961 The psychotherapy relationship. N. Y.: MacMillan.
SNYDER, J. F., HILL, C. E., & DERKSEN, T. P. 1972 Why some students do not use university counseling facilities. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 19, 263-268.
WALZ, G. 1971 Counselor survival. ERIC/CAPS Capsule; fall.
WARMAN, R. 1960 Differential perceptions of counseling role. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 7, 269-274.
WRENN, G. 1962 Counselor in a changing world. Washington, D. C., APGA.
WRENN, G. 1969 International guidance-A conversation with G. Wrenn. ERIC/CAPS Capsule, fall.

Abstract

In order to know the expectations of Japanese students towards counseling, and the possible effects of those expectations on the outcome of counseling, a comparison study with American students was conducted. A Questionnaire, a Counseling Problem Test and a Counselor Preference Test were administered to 185 Japanese and 72 American students. As a result, it was found that hypotheses were partly supported in that American students seemed to understand counseling in both SPS and psychological service concepts, while Japanese students seemed to understand it as some kind of advice-giving function. However, some similarities were also found: both groups preferred rather directive styles in the helping relationships and chose a friend as consultant. There might be another variable, in adolescents in particular, influencing expectations.

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