PERCEPTION OF LIGHTNESS AND BRIGHTNESS OF ACHROMATIC SURFACE COLOR AND IMPRESSION OF ILLUMINATION

AIKO KOZAKI

doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.15.194

AIKO KOZAKI

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1973 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 194-203

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.15.194

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Published: December 10, 1973 Received: December 17, 1973 Available on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : BECK, J. 1959 Stimulus correlates for the judged illumination of a surface. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 267-274.
BECK, J. 1961 Judgment of surface illumination and lightness. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 368-375.
BECK, J. 1972 Surface Color Perception. Cornell Univ. Press.
EVANS, R. M. 1964 Variables of perceived colour. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 54, 1467-1474.
HENNEMAN, R. H. 1935 A photometric study of the perception of object color. Archives Psychology, N.Y. No. 179.
HERING, E. 1874 Outlines of a theory of the light sense. (Trs. by L. L. M. Hurvich & D. Jameson 1964) Cambridge, MASS: Havard Univ. Press.
HSIA, Y. 1943 Whiteness constancy as a function of differences in illumination. Archives Psychology, N.Y. No. 284.
JUDD, D, B. 1941 The definition of black and white. American Journal of Psychology, 54, 289 294.
KATZ, D. 1935 The World of Colour: (Trs. by R. B. MacLeod, & C. W., Fox) London: Kegan Paul.
ROFFKA, K. 1935 Principles of Gestalt Psychology, New York: Harcourt, Brace.
KOZAKI, A. 1963 A further study in the relationship between brightness constancy and contrast. Japanese Psychological Research, 5, 129-136.
KOZAKI, A. 1965 The effect of co-existent stimuli other than test stimulus on brightness constancy. Japanese Psychological Research, 7, 138 147.
KOZAKI, A. 1973 Perception of lightness and brightness with changing luminance. Publications of the Institute for Comparative studies of Culture Tokyo Woman's Christian College, 34, 59-76.
LANDAUER, A. A., & RODGER, R. S. 1964 Effect of “apparent” instructions on brightness judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 68, 80-84.
LEIBOWITZ, H., MYERS, N. A., & CHINETTI, P. 1955 The role of simultaneous contrast in brightness constancy. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50, 15-18.
LIE, I. 1969 Psychophysical invariants of achromatic colour vision I: The multidimensionality of achromatic colour experience. The Scandinavian Journal of Psychology., 10, 167-175.
LIE, I. 1971 Psychophysical invariants of achromatic colour vision V: Brightness as a function of inducing field luminance. The Scandinavian Journal of Psycholgy., 12, 61-64.
NOGUGHI, K., & MASUDA, N. 1971 Brightness changes in a complex field with changing illumination: A re-examination of Jameson and Hurvich's study of brightness constancy. Japanese Psychological Research, 13, 60-69.
OYAMA, T. 1968 Stimulus determinants of brightness constancy and the perception of illumination. Japanese Psychological Research, 10, 146-155.
WALLACH, H. 1948 Brightness constancy and the nature of achromatic colors. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 310-324.
WALLACH, H. 1963 The perception of neutral colors. Scientific American, 208(1): 107-116.

Right : BECK, J. 1959 Stimulus correlates for the judged illumination of a surface. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 267-274.
BECK, J. 1961 Judgment of surface illumination and lightness. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 368-375.
BECK, J. 1972 Surface Color Perception. Cornell Univ. Press.
EVANS, R. M. 1964 Variables of perceived colour. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 54, 1467-1474.
HENNEMAN, R. H. 1935 A photometric study of the perception of object color. Archives Psychology, N. Y. No.179.
HERING, E. 1874 Outlines of a theory of the light sense.(Trs. by L. L. M. Hurvich & D. Jameson 1964) Cambridge, MASS: Havard Univ. Press.
HSIA, Y. 1943 Whiteness constancy as a function of differences in illumination. Archives Psychology, N. Y. No.284.
JUDD, D, B. 1941 The deinition of black and white. American Journal of Psychology, 54, 289-294.
KATZ, D. 1935 The World of Colour:(Trs. by R. B. MacLeod, & C. W., Fox) London: KGFFKA, K. 1935 Principles of Gestalt Psychology, New York: Harcourt, Brace.
KOZAKI, A. 1963 A further study in the relationship between brightness constancy and contrast. Japanese Psychological Research, 5, 129-136.
KOZAKI, A. 1965 The effect of co-existent stimuli other than test stimulus on brightness constancy. Japanese Psychological Research, 7, 138-147.
KOZAKI, A. 1973 Perception of lightness and brightness with changing luminance. Publications of the Institute for Comparative studies of Culture Tokyo Woman's Christian College, 34, 59-76.
LANDAUER, A. A., & RODGER, R. S. 1964 Effect of “apparent” instructions on brightness judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 68, 80-84.
LEIBOWITZ, H., MYERS, N. A., & CI INETrc, P. 1955 The role of simultaneous contrast in brightness constancy. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50, 15-18.
LIE, I. 1969 Psychophysical invariants of achromatic colour vision I: The multidimensionality of achromatic colour experience. The Scandinavian Journal of Psychology., 10, 167-175.
LIE, I. 1971 Psychophysical invariants of achromatic colour vision V: Brightness as a function of inducing field luminance. The Scandinavian Journal of Psycholgy., 12, 61-64.
NOGUCHI, K., & MASUDA, N. 1971 Brightness changes in a complex field with changing illumination: A re-examination of Jameson and Hurvich's study of brightness constancy. Japanese Psychological Research, 13, 60-69.
OYAMA, T. 1968 Stimulus determinants of brightness constancy and the perception of illumination. Japanese Psychological Research, 10, 146-155.
WALLACH, H. 1948 Brightness constancy and the nature of achromatic colors. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 310-324.
WALLACH, H. 1963 The perception of neutral colors. Scientific American, 208 (1): 107-116.

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: PDF FILE Details: -

Date of correction: February 24, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : BECK, J. 1959 Stimulus correlates for the judged illumination of a surface. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 267-274.
BECK, J. 1961 Judgment of surface illumination and lightness. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 368-375.
BECK, J. 1972 Surface Color Perception. Cornell Univ. Press.
EVANS, R. M. 1964 Variables of perceived colour. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 54, 1467-1474.
HENNEMAN, R. H. 1935 A photometric study of the perception of object color. Archives Psychology, N. Y. No.179.
HERING, E. 1874 Outlines of a theory of the light sense.(Trs. by L. L. M. Hurvich & D. Jameson 1964) Cambridge, MASS: Havard Univ. Press.
HSIA, Y. 1943 Whiteness constancy as a function of differences in illumination. Archives Psychology, N. Y. No.284.
JUDD, D, B. 1941 The deinition of black and white. American Journal of Psychology, 54, 289-294.
KATZ, D. 1935 The World of Colour:(Trs. by R. B. MacLeod, & C. W., Fox) London: KGFFKA, K. 1935 Principles of Gestalt Psychology, New York: Harcourt, Brace.
KOZAKI, A. 1963 A further study in the relationship between brightness constancy and contrast. Japanese Psychological Research, 5, 129-136.
KOZAKI, A. 1965 The effect of co-existent stimuli other than test stimulus on brightness constancy. Japanese Psychological Research, 7, 138-147.
KOZAKI, A. 1973 Perception of lightness and brightness with changing luminance. Publications of the Institute for Comparative studies of Culture Tokyo Woman's Christian College, 34, 59-76.
LANDAUER, A. A., & RODGER, R. S. 1964 Effect of “apparent” instructions on brightness judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 68, 80-84.
LEIBOWITZ, H., MYERS, N. A., & CI INETrc, P. 1955 The role of simultaneous contrast in brightness constancy. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50, 15-18.
LIE, I. 1969 Psychophysical invariants of achromatic colour vision I: The multidimensionality of achromatic colour experience. The Scandinavian Journal of Psychology., 10, 167-175.
LIE, I. 1971 Psychophysical invariants of achromatic colour vision V: Brightness as a function of inducing field luminance. The Scandinavian Journal of Psycholgy., 12, 61-64.
NOGUCHI, K., & MASUDA, N. 1971 Brightness changes in a complex field with changing illumination: A re-examination of Jameson and Hurvich's study of brightness constancy. Japanese Psychological Research, 13, 60-69.
OYAMA, T. 1968 Stimulus determinants of brightness constancy and the perception of illumination. Japanese Psychological Research, 10, 146-155.
WALLACH, H. 1948 Brightness constancy and the nature of achromatic colors. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 310-324.
WALLACH, H. 1963 The perception of neutral colors. Scientific American, 208 (1): 107-116.

Right : BECK, J. 1959 Stimulus correlates for the judged illumination of a surface. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 267-274.
BECK, J. 1961 Judgment of surface illumination and lightness. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 368-375.
BECK, J. 1972 Surface Color Perception. Cornell Univ. Press.
EVANS, R. M. 1964 Variables of perceived colour. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 54, 1467-1474.
HENNEMAN, R. H. 1935 A photometric study of the perception of object color. Archives Psychology, N. Y. No.179.
HERING, E. 1874 Outlines of a theory of the light sense.(Trs. by L. L. M. Hurvich & D. Jameson 1964) Cambridge, MASS: Havard Univ. Press.
HSIA, Y. 1943 Whiteness constancy as a function of differences in illumination. Archives Psychology, N. Y. No.284.
JUDD, D. B. 1941 The definition of black and white. American Journal of Psychology, 54, 289-294.
KATZ, D. 1935 The World of Colour:(Trs. by R. B. MacLeod, & C. W., Fox) London: Kegan Paul.
KOFFKA, K. 1935 Principles of Gestalt Psychology, New York: Harcourt, Brace.
KOZAKI, A. 1963 A further study in the relationship between brightness constancy and contrast. Japanese Psychological Research, 5, 129-136.
KOZAKI, A. 1965 The effect of co-existent stimuli other than test stimulus on brightness constancy. Japanese Psychological Research, 7, 138-147.
KOZAKI, A. 1973 Perception of lightness and brightness with changing luminance. Publications of the Institute for Comparative studies of Culture Tokyo Woman's Christian College, 34, 59-76.
LANDAUER, A. A., & RODGER, R. S. 1964 Effect of “apparent” instructions on brightness judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 68, 80-84.
LEIBOWITZ, H., MYERS, N. A., & CHINETTI, P. 1955 The role of simultaneous contrast in brightness constancy. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50, 15-18.
LIE, I. 1969 Psychophysical invariants of achromatic colour vision I: The multidimensionality of achromatic colour experience. The Scandinavian Journal of Psychology., 10, 167-175.
LIE, I. 1971 Psychophysical invariants of achromatic colour vision V: Brightness as a function of inducing field luminance. The Scandinavian Journal of Psycholgy., 12, 61-64.
NOGUCHI, K., & MASUDA, N. 1971 Brightness changes in a complex field with changing illumination: A re-examination of Jameson and Hurvich's study of brightness constancy. Japanese Psychological Research, 13, 60-69.
OYAMA, T. 1968 Stimulus determinants of brightness constancy and the perception of illumination. Japanese Psychological Research, 10, 146-155.
WALLACH, H. 1948 Brightness constancy and the nature of achromatic colors. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 310-324.
WALLACH, H. 1963 The perception of neutral colors. Scientific American, 208 (1): 107-116.

Abstract

The relationships between lightness and brightness responses under the condition that achromatic “surface color” appears and the relationships between perceived illumination and brightness were examined. The Ss were required to make categorical judgments upon both lightness and brightness of the test patches presented on black and white backgrounds and upon the over-all illumination in the visual field. Conclusion is as follows: the functions of lightness judgments and of brightness judgments are different, and the relation between them depends on the luminance of the background. Brightness responses for a test surface depends not only on the surface luminance but also on the background or the adjacent field luminance. The similarity of the stimulus correlate of brightness to that of perceived illumination is also argued.

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