抄録
Agricultural carbon emissions, dominated by non-CO₂ gases such as methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O), pose a key constraint to achieving climate mitigation targets amid intensifying pressures from climate change and food system transformation. This paper discusses recent advances in agricultural carbon mitigation research across four interlinked frontiers: (i) AI- and big data-driven precision quantification and optimization of carbon emissions for improving accounting accuracy and decision support; (ii) gene editing and synthetic biology approaches enabling low-carbon redesign of crop and livestock production systems at the molecular level; (iii) life cycle assessment-based integration of food systems and circular agriculture for system-level carbon footprint reduction and synergistic mitigation; and (iv) the stability and climate resilience of agricultural carbon sinks under increasing frequency of extreme climatic events. These developments indicate a shift from emission-reduction-focused strategies toward integrated, multi-scale, and system-oriented mitigation frameworks that couple technological innovation with ecosystem resilience. This synthesis provides a structured knowledge framework for advancing agriculture-oriented carbon neutrality pathways and identifying key leverage points for coordinated mitigation across molecular, system, and regional scales.
