Digital image analysis (DIA) is applied to extract physical information from an image of high-order structure of polymers. DIA is applicable to analyze various pattern formation phenomena such as crystallization and phase separation. Various numerical operations in real and wave-number space make it possible to extract physical information unobtainable by other conventional methods such as light scattering experiment. DIA is useful for studying not only polymer systems, but also various materials such as liquid crystals, ceramics, metals, and biological systems.