Physical Function as well as Cognitive Function Influences the Automobile Driving Ability of Older Adults: Investigation Using a Driving Simulator

Abstract

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between physical function and automobile driving ability, while considering the influences of age and cognitive functioning in older adults. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 48 adults who were <65 years (adult group) and 18 adults aged ≥65 years (older group). All the participants held valid driver’s licenses and drove cars regularly. To assess driving ability, we calculated the number of errors while operating the gas and brake pedals using a driving simulator. Further, muscle strength, walking speed, the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and Trail Making Test (TMT) were measured. [Results] In the adult group, only age was significantly related to driving ability. Conversely, in the older group, positive associations between driving ability and both TUG and TMT were significant. [Conclusion] The results suggest that physical function, independent of cognitive functioning, significantly influences the driving ability of older adults.