In this paper, the vertical distribution of freshwater planarians in the Yûbari district and Mt. Ashibetsu in the Yûbari Mountains in Middle Hokkaidô is reported. The area surveyed is situated at the north-east of the Ishikari lowland area (Lat. 43°00'N. to Lat. 43°20'N. and Long. 141°45'E. to Long. 142°30'E.). Mt. Ashibetsu is situated at the northern corner of the Yubari Mountains and is 1726 metres above sea level. The main river systems of the area surveyed are the Yûbari, the Horomuki and the Sorachi (tributaries of the Ishikari River). Surveys of the majority of the stations were made in August 9-11, 1966.
In the area surveyed, two species of freshwater planarians, Polycelis sapporo (IJIMA et KABURAKI) and Polycelis auriculata IJIMA et KABURAKI, were found. Pol. sapporo was found in the stations within the altitude range from about 150 to 660 metres (inhabitable water temperature range, 6.5-13.9°C). Pot. auriculata was most common in the cold-water stations in the Mt. Ashibetsu district (the Yufure-zawa Valley and the Hanmen-zawa Valley) within the altitude range from about 340 to 780 metres (4.5-10.3°C). The type of the vertical distribution in the area surveyed is shown as S-SA-A (S : Pol. sapporo ; A: Pol. auriculata).