Recently we had a seven-year-old girl patient who showed Raynaud's phenomenon and hemolytic anemia after suffering from German Measles. In the first stage, she had hematuria and proteinuria, giving serum total bilirubin value of 2.2 mg/dl, GOT of 84 mu/ml, and LDH of 626 mu/ml over. Ribieres' method (osmotic fragility test), sugar water test, Hams' test, direct and indirect Cooms' test and Donath-Landsteiner's test were all negative. Cryoglobulin was negative, but cold agglutinin titer was I: 2048, and CF of German Measles was I: 64, and HI was I: 512. CF of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae was not elevated. After admission, anemia was aggravated and 200 ml of washed packed red cells were transfused using warming coil. When she avoided exposure to cold the clinical manifestations were recovered well. Cold autoantibody was detected in the patient by investigations of the Red Cross Blood Center at Osaka. The case was considered the first case of Pra in Japan that belonged to the IgM class.
