A 58-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of shortness of breath and palpitation. Hematological examination revealed severe anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukoerythroblastosis. The neutrophil alkaline phosphatase score of the peripheral blood was high and cytogenetic study showed no Ph1-chromosome. Bone marrow biopsy disclosed a complete aplasia without an apparent fibrotic appearence. Ferrokinetic study was compatible with the extramedullary hematopoiesis (myeloid metaplasia). After the administration of methandrostenolone, anemia and thrombocytopenia improved remarkably. Eight months later, bone marrow biopsy revealed a moderate fibrotic appearence with few hematopoietic cells. The sequential change of the bone marrow histology was discussed with special reference to its relationship with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia and aplastic anemia.
