NOAA衛星による海面温度測定

抄録

A method of deriving the sea surface temperature(SST) from space is described by using the infrared channels of NOAA-AVHRR radiometer with reference to model atmosphere-ocean system. It was found that in free of stratospheric aerosols, the combined use of channels 3, 4 and 5 is effective for the SST derivation for the moderate amount of precipitable water. Furthermore, off the sunglint at channel 3, temperature deviation dose not depend upon surface wind, but depend only upon the total amount of water vapor and aerosols. Therefore off the sunglint it can be analyzed in a manner similar to the night case.
In case of large amount of water vapor, its vertical profile has to be simultaneously determined. Furthermore, it was found that the combined use of spectral bands of 3.7, 6, 11 and 12um enhance the accuracy on the SST measurement technique.
The volcanic eruption of El Chichon on April, 1982 has resulted in a marked effect on radiative transfer in the atmosphere. Thus the enhancement of the stratopheric aerosols has resulted the atmospheric correction on SST more difficult. At the present work, the effect of stratospheric aerosols on SST was examined numerically. A combined use of visible and infrared channels could be useful for this analysis.