Abstract
The task of this article is to describe the establishment process of the factory system in the flour-milling industry in Budapest, which subsequently became a leading industry during the Industrial Revolution in Hungary in the 19th century. Pest Cylinder Flour Mill, founded in 1839, laid the grounds for the mechanical milling industry in Hungary. Later, from the second half of the 1860s, with a rush of over 10 new steam mill companies established, the milling industry in Budapest formed a monopolistic industrial structure and became a modern industry. In the late 1880s, roller mills replaced the millstone in the grinding process, and today's production system, in which corn is processed into flour through a succession of operations in one factory, was established. The capitalist-worker relationship in the mechanical milling industry was instituted through the simultaneous formations of the milling industrialists association and the mutual aid association for milling workers in the late 1880s. From the technical and the social points of view, it can be said that the milling industry in Budapest had established the factory system by the end of the 1880s.
