回転率とP/B^^-およびP/B_<MAX>との関係について

抄録

In the production ecology of animal populations, the turnover rate has usually been defined by P/B^^-, where P is the net production and B^^- the mean biomass during a given period or over the life of a cohort. However, it is shown theoretically that the above definition is not applicable to the non-stationary populations, and that the turnover rate of a population should be defined in general by the ratio of the "mean appearance time" to the mean residence time of the biomass. The tumover rate thus defined can be measured by E/B_MAX or at least approximately by P/B_MAX, where E is the elimination and B_MAX the maximum biomass of the population. The estimated P/B_MAX values based on three estimates of B_MAX (B_max, B^*_max and B^**_max) were compared with each other and with P/B^^- for the populations of several aquatic insects.