日本における草本群落の二次遷移 : 優占種の生育型の量的側面

抄録

The relationships between plant weight (W), plant height (H) and diameter at stem base (D), and the weight ratios of above-ground (T) and belowground (R) parts, and of leaves (Wi) and stems (Ws) were examined for the successional dominants Chenopodium album, Polygonum persicaria, Erigeron annuus, Oenothera parviflora, Artemisia princeps and Miscanthus sinensis. The relationships W=aX^b(X=D, H or DH), R=cT^d and Ws=eW_i^f were calculated for each species ; the constants a, b, c, d, e and f were determined for each species. The constants d and f were similar for all species except d of A. princeps, while the constants c and e varied from species to species. The value of c increases in the species of later stages of secondary succession. In other words, the weight ratio of belowground to above-ground parts increases in the species of later stages of succession. A. princeps exhibits a growth form which was a higher ratio of leaves in above-ground parts (small e value) than that of other species. In contrast E. annuus displays a growth form with a higher stem weight ratio in above-ground parts (large e value) than other species. These ecological characteristics are discussed in relation to the mechanism of secondary succession.