消防指揮隊における非技術技能教育に関する事例研究

組織開発的見地より

抄録

The command team as a decision-making team under the complex task environment is required both the simple technical skills and the non-technical skills including the managerial skills and the social skills to manage the group process effectively and efficiently. However, little is known about how the Japanese command team members recognize the value of those non-technical skills and whether the non-technical education is needed or not, in the context of the actual field operation requirements. This paper is intended as an investigation of the Japanese command team. This study conducted a case study about the 3 command teams, 21 members, of the fire department of Kyoto city and employed the 8 individual interviews, the 5 group interviews, the document analysis, and the questionnaire using NOTECHS (a behavioral marker system of the non-technical skills). The questionnaire contained 3 phases. At the first phase, team members evaluated the degree of the change on their task environment because the change of the task environment indicates the potential the needs for new skills to adapt the changed task requirements. The next phase, they evaluated the importance of the non-technical skills. These non-technical skills were identified by referring to the NOTECHS and categorized "cooperation" "leadership and management" "situation awareness" "decision making". Finally, it surveyed the needs of technical, non-technical, procedural educations. As a result, in general, high evaluations were dominant on both changes of the task environment and needs of the non-technical skills and they recognized the needs of the non-technical skills education as well as the technical and the procedural educations. In detail, however, we can see some items which have the low agreement levels in 3 non-technical skills categories except "situation awareness". This shows the NOTECHS might be an inappropriate measure system to Japanese command team, or this team member should construct the higher agreement level. It remains as a matter to be discussed further.