原著
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Japanese Medical Students : A Cross-sectional Study
2023 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 43-52
詳細
2023 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 43-52
Background : Most surveys regarding excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in university students have used only questionnaires. The present study was performed to clarify the causes of EDS and the characteristics of students with EDS using a sleep diary, polysomnography (PSG), and multiple sleep latency testing (MSLT) in addition to questionnaires.
Methods : Medical students with and without EDS were recruited using a poster. EDS was defined as Japanese Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥ 11, and all participants underwent PSG and MSLT. They were also asked to record a sleep diary for 1 month and to complete the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Sleep Hygiene Index, and lifestyle questionnaires. Sleep disorders were diagnosed based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, and the characteristics were compared between students with and without EDS.
Results : Among the 59 students who participated in the study, 33 were classified as having EDS and the remaining 26 did not have EDS. In the EDS group, 16 students were diagnosed with insufficient sleep syndrome (ISS), six had narcolepsy, five had insomnia, three had idiopathic hypersomnia, one had delayed sleep-wake phase disorder, one had obstructive sleep apnea, and one had periodic limb movement disorder. The questionnaires revealed that the most important factor for EDS was poor sleep hygiene due to their lifestyle.
Conclusion : The survey including PSG and MSLT revealed that approximately half of the medical students with EDS showed ISS followed by narcolepsy, insomnia, and other sleep disorders, and the main characteristic of the students with EDS was poor sleep hygiene.
