中国における民族系自動車メーカーの「寄生的」なサプライヤー・システム

― 一汽轎車とその日系サプライヤーを事例として―

抄録

The Japanese supplier system has been thought to be one of the sources of international competitiveness of Japanese automakers. It is characterized by long-term and relational transaction in purchasing regime, and ex-post collaborative adjustments in the mode of problem solving. In other words, it is “symbiotic” supplier system
The purpose of this paper is to identify the characteristics of Chinese auto parts supplier system in comparison with Japanese one through an intensive interview research of FAW Car Co. Ltd. (FCC) and its Japanese suppliers
The results are summarized as follows:
First, FCC has developed not a “symbiotic” but a “parasitic” supplier system that relies much on suppliers. In purchasing regime, they have adopted a short-term and market transaction. Among QCDE, they emphasize suppliers' performance in terms of Cost, not Quality, Delivery, and Engineering when selecting suppliers. And in the mode of problem solving, FCC has adopted ex post unilateral adjustments. They leaves development of parts and VA activities to their suppliers and impose the risk of decreased production volume on the letter.
Second, behind this "parasitic" supplier system, there are lack of product development and process management capabilities in FCC and its overwhelming bargaining power against Japanese suppliers.
Third, supplier can accept this “parasitic” supplier system only under rapidly-increasing production volume and hence it is not sustainable with slowdown in Chinese automobile market growth.