トヨタ・日産の戦後初期(1946～1947年)における販売網形成

配給統制会社と系列ディーラーの関係を中心とした定量的分析

抄録

In this paper, I analyze the formation of marketing channel for two representatives of the Japanese automobile industry, Toyota and Nissan. The analysis is focused on the period immediately following world War II, which is from 1946 to 1947.
I carried out research on all 94 dealers for Toyota and Nissan during that period, with special attention paid to the identity of those dealers and distributors regulated in wartime, the so-called “Jihai”. This is due to the fact that these “Jihai” had the largest scale and monopolized the industry in each prefecture so we can suppose that significant resources were integrated into “Jihai”. In addition, I carried out research on the rapidity of establishment for new dealers under either Toyota or Nissan by comparing them. This is because it can express the aggres-siveness of both manufacturers' marketing channel strategies and a dealer's selection and decision-making regarding its long-term partner.
The conclusion of this paper suggests the following. (1) Much of the identity of “Jihai” can be seen in Toyota dealers. However, “Jihai” that held large market share in large cities had a tendency to change to that of Nissan. (2) Location of the manufacturers might have also had influenced the identity of dealers and “Jihai”. (3) Toyota dealers were established earlier than those of Nissan. (4) Especially in the prefectures or areas where Toyota dealers, with the identity of “Jihai”, were established earlier than those of Nissan, the start of Nissan dealership was delayed very much.