ヒューズ職業社会学におけるマクロ・シンボリック相互作用論

抄録

　Everett C. Hughes is one of the most important sociologists in the Chicago school and in symbolic interactionism. Though there have been criticisms that symbolic interactionism cannot deal with macro social sturucture, the structural side of the Chicago school of sociologists, represented by W. I. Thomas, R. E. Park, and Hughes, were interested in social structure and organization. Hughs developed his occupational sociology both at the micro and macro levels.
　At the micro level people suffer from “dirty wor” and develop “social psycholgical defensive devices” individually and collectively. At the macro level each occupation enters the “moral division of labor”, and “licence and mandate” are distributed to each of them.
　According to Hughes, professions suffer from “guilty knowledge” and develop “esoteric knowledge”. From his point of view they are not separated from more humble occupations, but they are only relatively high positions.
　Hughes combined ecological perspective and symbolic interactionism in the “conception”, which composes the “institution”. While the “institution” adapts to the ecological environment passively, it reacts symbolically and strategically through generating “conception”. “Conception” performs similar functions at the macro level as performed by “self” at the micro level.
　His theory also has covergences with system theory. Both theories emphasize emergencies and imformational constraints.
　To develop macro symbolic interactionism we have to pay more attention to an ecological perspective and system theory and to the tradition of the structural side of the Chicago School of interactionism.