運動部活動におけるホモソーシャリティの形成

「セクシュアリティ・ジョーク」と「恋愛指導」に着目して

抄録

The purpose of this study was to investigate how homophobia is constructed in school physical education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for 9 students who majored in physical education at A University of Education, and 5 students, three “sexual majority women” (cis-gendered, heterosexual) and two “sexual majority men” (cis-gendered, heterosexual), were selected for the analysis. The contents of interviews were about experiences what they had seen or heard discriminating words and actions in respect to sexuality. The result showed that heterosexism is accepted by getting information through media and school life, and that the consciousness is strengthened through “joke about sexuality” in school life in general. It was assumed that the “joke about sexuality” performed by male athletes inside of school-based extracurricular sports clubs is a tool to feel their “status as 'men'” and to “bond” with other than the targeted person. In addition, it was considered that the coaches actively use “joke about sexuality” with the clear intention of “helping to smooth communication” and “constructing normative masculinity”. Furthermore, it was shown that misogyny is also constructed in school-based extracurricular sports clubs by prohibiting romantic love only for female athletes. It was concluded that homophobia and misogyny are artfully created in school-based extracurricular sports clubs, and that homosociality is constructed including coaches in some cases. In this culture, students and athletes are expected that they learn the essentiality of homophobia in sports instruction and become teachers who convey it to the next generation through the mechanism of “occupational socialization into physical education teachers”. In the future research, it will be necessary to investigate in more detail how homophobia and misogyny appear in the two relationships between athletes each other, and, athletes and coaches.