グローバルな環境問題と国際間所得移転の分析

抄録

In this paper, we suppose that pollutants are exhausted during the production process as by-products. Employing a two-country model where environmental quality is regarded as public good and pollution abatement is strategically provided, we analyze the effects of economic growth, technological progress in emissions control and income transfer. Furthermore, we consider these problems in both Cournot and Stackelberg competition cases.
Our results can be summarized as follows. First, one country's economic growth leads to production increases, environmental quality improvements and higher welfares in both countries. Second, technological progress in emissions control in one country has a positive impact on domestic production and lowers domestic emissions as well, while domestic environmental quality remains constant. As production increases, the domestic welfare level increases. However, rival country is not influenced. These two results are independent of the type of competition. Third, the intensity of impacts from income transfer differs with the type of competition, but in all cases, the economic effects of income transfer greatly relate to gaps in pollution abatement technologies between countries.

JEL Classification: C72, H41, O13, Q59