公共交通機関の路線整備および料金システムの評価に関する研究-名古屋市への適用例による分析-

抄録

Recently, several traffic problems such as traffic congestion, air pollution, lack of parking areas, etc. are faced in urban areas. These problems are due to the rapid increase in private car ownership and the increase of car trip length. Thus, an evaluation method for traffic planning and traffic policies to tackle the above problems is required. This study aims at developing an evaluation method for mass transit network improvement strategies and pricing policies. In this study, two cases of policies are considered namely the common fare system and subsidies from new tax. In the first case, flat fare system and distance fare system under the common fare system are assumed in the transit network of Nagoya city. This transit network is assumed to be improved by new subway lines. Then, the effect of change in mass transit network improvement and price policy are evaluated by examining the local and total modal split between private car and mass transit. The results of this study are that social benefit is higher by mass transit improvement and that distance fare system is better than flat fare system as it result in increase of mass transit user. In the other case, a pricing policy is assumed in which car user tax increase and subsidies for transit network in Nagoya city is increased. This policy is similar to a pricing policy carried out in Germany in which the petrol tax was increased. The result of this case study shows travellers' mode change from private car to mass transit.