イノベーションの促進要件としての「制約」

日本のF-2 戦闘機における炭素繊維機体開発事例

抄録

In the perspective of microeconomic, R&D expenses are fixed costs, it has been considered companies that can be worked out is a wealth of development costs as to be advantageous to innovation (Kamien and Scuwartz, 2003). In addition, the competitive environment that promotes innovation, it has been pointed out in various studies (i.e., Numakami, Asaba, Shintaku and Amikura, 1992).In these conventional discussions, it is assumed that the unlimited environment promotes innovation, and there are discussions of “How do we eliminate the limitations?” for promote the innovation (i.e., Nonaka and Tokuoka, 2009; 2012). On the other hand, taking advantage of the fact limitations, lead to the promotion of innovation as inducing factors of competition them (i.e., Kusunoki, 2001; 2006 and Osanai, 2006; 2012), but in general, the severe development environment and limited resources has been recognized as a factor that inhibits the innovation activities of the company. Porter and Takeuchi (2000) analyzed the relationship between innovation and government, and revealed the industries that have received the protection and limitations of the country have failed most, and vice versa, the industries placed in competitive environment have been successful.Thus, in the discussion competitive environment and to promote innovation is commonly shared, in the military industries a variety of "limitations" are large, for example, such as in a development case of F-2 fighter, CFRP processing technology it is produced, and had brought the competitive advantage as a technology for carbon fiber technology of Japan is essential in the development of commercial aircraft today. The military industries of United States and United Kingdom that were the leader in early stage of the carbon fiber development, in huge budged and free R&D environment. But these industries gave up the application to aircraft of carbon fiber technology finally.In this study, we had analyzed the cause and process why the Japanese industries in large limitations have been leader not only in this market in the world for business but also in technical.