核防護システムの評価の視点からみた核防護制度の課題

抄録

The threat of terrorism is significantly increasing; thus the reinforcement of the scheme for physical protection of nuclear facilities is imperative in these days. To make the physical protection system for each facility really effective, it is necessary to establish a method to evaluate the performance of the system in comparison with a target set in advance. From this point of view, firstly, the history of development of the physical protection scheme is described; then, the status quo of physical protection system. Furthermore, in order to realize an effective reinforcement of the physical protection scheme for the facilities, the following viewpoints are provided in the paper; (1) Significance of discrimination between thefts of nuclear materials and sabotage of nuclear facilities; (2) Identification and discrimination of highly enriched uranium and plutonium in metallic state from other nuclear materials; (3) Necessity to reduce probabilities of success of theft to quasi-zero level from facilities which treat a certain amount of the above-mentioned materials; (4) For other facilities which do not treat such metallic nuclear materials, the target should be set mainly in view of the ability of prevention of sabotage.