土壌中への炭素貯留と土壌改良材としてのバイオ炭

抄録

Since carbonized material made from wood-based biomass (biochar) is stable for a long period in the soil, the addition of biochar to soil can be used as a means of carbon sequestration and storage. From research on the use of carbonized material in the terra preta (black land) of the Amazon basin and the history of the use of low temperature carbonized rice husk (smoldered rice husk) in agricultural soil in Japan, the beneficial use of carbonized materials for soil improvement has been confirmed. The addition of biochar to soil makes it possible to simultaneously achieve carbon storage and soil improvement. This was generally recognized in 2005, since when research and development have been conducted around the world. It has been shown that by adding this carbonized material to the soil, microorganisms proliferate and this develops an aggregate structure of the soil of several tens of micrometers to several millimeters in size. It is suggested that the proliferation of microorganisms of VA mycorrhizal fungi and root nodule bacteria and the soil aggregation introduce water-retention ability and permeability that promotes plant growth.