2017 年 103 巻 1 号 p. 1-11
This paper introduces the microstructure, retained austenite characteristics, strain-induced transformation-deformation mechanism and mechanical properties of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP)-aided martensitic (TM) steels for the automotive applications. Because the microstructure consists of a wide lath-martensite structured matrix and a mixture of narrow lath-martensite and metastable retained austenite (MA-like phase), the TM steel produced a good combination of tensile strength and cold formability. If Cr and/or Mo were added into 0.2%C-1.5%Si-1.5%Mn steel to enhance its hardenability, the resultant TM steel achieved superior notch fatigue strength and impact and fracture toughness to conventional structural steel such as SCM420. These enhanced mechanical properties were found to be mainly caused by: (1) plastic relaxation of the stress concentration, which results from expansion strain on the strain-induced transformation of the metastable retained austenite; and (2) the presence of a large quantity of finely dispersed MA-like phase, which suppresses crack or void initiation and subsequent connection.
