都市群システムにおけるイノベーションの拡散チャンネル

ライオンズ・クラブを指標として

抄録

“Urban system” is defined as an aggregate of interrelated sets of cities which are interdependent in such a way that any significant change in economic activity, occupational structure, total income or population of one member city will directly bring about some modification of the other set members (Pred, 1977). The study of urban systems has moved from the static analysis in the 1960's to the dynamic one in the 1970's and it has linked with the study of spatial diffusion which puts stress on the spatial process.
This paper attempts to clarify the diffusion patterns of innovation in the three levels of urban systems—international, national and regional, employing the Lions Club as the index. Japan is selected as the case study of the national level, and Yamanashi Prefecture as the case study of the regional level.
Several primary findings might be summarized as follows: (1) The peaks of diffusion in the international, national and regional levels were in the 1950's, in around 1960 and in around 1965, respectively, and the distinct time lag of diffusion was recognized from the higher level to the lower level. On the other hand, the regional level has the highest gradient and the international level the lowest in terms of the regression lines between the years of diffusion and the population size (Fig. 3, 7 and 12), indicating that spread of diffusion has been accelerated with time from the international level to the regional level. (2) In the national and regional levels most of the links of the diffusion channels were in accord with those of the nodal structures. Thus in those two levels innovation has been diffused through the socio-economic linkages with the strong interdependency, while in the international level the diffusion channels have been greatly influenced rather by the political structures and the historical circumstances.