Prognostic Implication of Interdialytic Fluid Retention during the Beginning Period in Incident Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Patient with end stage renal disease have characteristics in common with heart failure patients, and volume overload in heart failure is associated with poorer outcomes. Fluid removal during the hemodialysis (HD) is the cornerstone of volume management in this population. The objective of this study is to assess the long-term prognostic effect of interdialytic fluid retention (IDFR) and its relationship with cardiovascular (CV) events in incident HD patients who newly started dialysis. IDFR is defined as the difference between the predialysis weight and the weight at the end of the previous dialysis session, and it mainly reflects the consequence of salt and water intake between two consecutive dialysis sessions. We retrospectively reviewed the 172 patients who newly started and maintained HD over 6 months at Gachon University Gil Hospital between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2008. The average data were collected for 3 months during the beginning period, including total IDFR and IDFR/dry weight (IDFR%), nutritional parameters, blood pressure, and other biochemical parameters. Patients were classified into 3 cohorts according to the tertile of IDFR%; low (T1; ≤ 3.21%), intermediate (T2; 3.21%-4.56%), and high (T3; ≥ 4.56%). The high IDFR% group showed higher prevalence of diabetes and better nutritional status. The adjusted odds ratio for CV events was 1.562 (95% confidence interval, 1.026-2.378) for high IDFR% group, compared with the low IDFR% group. In incident HD patients, greater IDFR% soon after HD initiation showed an independent association with higher risk for CV events.