Effects of Halothane on Coronary and Systemic Circulations, Myocardial Metabolism and Blood Flow Distribution within the Canine Heart

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Myocardial metabolism, blood flow distribution within the heart, and coronary and systemic circulations were observed during halothane anesthesia using 15 mongrel dogs. Pao, and Paco₂ were maintained near 100 and 40 torr respectively throughout the study. As arterial halothane content increased, most parameters of systemic circulation were depressed significantly. Coronary blood flow was reduced in parallel with myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo₂) (r=+0.89, p>0.001). Myocardial contractility decreased significantly as anesthesia deepened. MVo₂ and myocardial CO₂ production were reduced as arterial halothane concentration rose. Arterial-coronary venous difference in blood oxygen content remained unchanged even in deep stage. Lactate and pyruvate were continuously taken up by the myocardium, although the amounts of uptake were reduced as anesthesia progressed. Calculated excess lactate and redox potential did not show any signs of myocardial hypoxia even in deep halothane anesthesia. Among major hemodynamic parameters, left ventricular dp/dt max showed the closest correlation with MVo₂. Microsphere injection method was used to observe blood flow distribution within the heart. Halothane did not influence the distribution significantly and I/O ratio of the left ventricular free wall remained near 1.0 during the study.