戦略的な社会的排斥に対する正統性評価が内集団成員に対する排斥の容認に及ぼす影響

抄録

This study aimed to clarify the mechanism of how ostracism is endorsed in a group context. Whereas previous research has shown that ostracizing a selfish and/or low competent member is likely to be endorsed, this study assumed that there is individual difference in evaluative legitimacy of ostracism, or the acceptance of ostracism as a significant strategy of providing benefits to members in a group. An experiment using a vignette was conducted to examine if ostracizing a deviant member (target X) from a group is endorsed when a bystander has high level of evaluative legitimacy of ostracism (ELO). As predicted, the bystander in high ELO was likely to show endorsement for ostracizing the target X. Overall, neither altruism nor competence of the target X decreased or increased the ostracizing tendency, but the bystander in high ELO did not show strong endorsements of ostracism only when s/he bystander considered target X to be altruistic. The adaptive function of ostracism as a membership selection strategy to increase group benefits was discussed.