Goal setting is one antecedent of interpersonal conflict management. Relational goals which place high value on the relationship of significant others affects choice of conflict management tactics. In particular, approach-based relational goal promotes integration, whereas avoidance-based relational goal promotes obligation and avoidance. This study focused on attachment style as an antecedent of these relational goals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the two dimensions of attachment style and two relational goals, and to examine the effects of these variables on the choice of conflict management tactics. Japanese single adults aged 20-29 years participated in an internet-based survey, and data of 173 participants who listed interpersonal conflict with an intimate opposite-sex partner were analyzed. As predicted, results indicated that anxiety promoted relational goals whereas avoidance suppressed relational goals. Moreover, several interactional effects on conflict management were found.

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The purpose of this paper was to examine the influence of assumed-competence on anxiety, selfesteem and maladjustment to school. The assumed-competence scale along with three other scales were administered to 212 (110 girls and, 102 boys) high school students. The results of Covariance Structure Analysis showed that among boys, assumed-competence had a direct positive effect on their maladjustment to school. For girls, self-esteem showed a significant positive correlation with assumed-competence, which had a positive influence on maladjustment to school.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parent-child role reversal and the child’s trait guilt by using quantitative analysis. A total of 207 university students responded to a questionnaire consisting of the Parent-Child Relationship Role Reversal Inventory (P-CRRRI), and the Trait Guilt Scale (TGS). To examine the relationship between role reversal and trait guilt, multiple regression analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA were conducted. Multiple regression analysis showed that the child’s providing emotional support to his/her parent had a relatively strong effect on his/her trait guilt. Cluster analysis and ANOVA revealed that those who were categorized into the role reversal causing group had higher scores than those who into other group in the total guilt, the intrapsychic guilt, and the guilt for relational maintenance. As a whole, trait guilt was influenced by role reversal, and “child’s guilt due to role reversal” was characterized by the intra-psychic guilt and the guilt for relational maintenance.

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This study aimed to clarify the mechanism of how ostracism is endorsed in a group context. Whereas previous research has shown that ostracizing a selfish and/or low competent member is likely to be endorsed, this study assumed that there is individual difference in evaluative legitimacy of ostracism, or the acceptance of ostracism as a significant strategy of providing benefits to members in a group. An experiment using a vignette was conducted to examine if ostracizing a deviant member (target X) from a group is endorsed when a bystander has high level of evaluative legitimacy of ostracism (ELO). As predicted, the bystander in high ELO was likely to show endorsement for ostracizing the target X. Overall, neither altruism nor competence of the target X decreased or increased the ostracizing tendency, but the bystander in high ELO did not show strong endorsements of ostracism only when s/he bystander considered target X to be altruistic. The adaptive function of ostracism as a membership selection strategy to increase group benefits was discussed.

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