自己参照効果と自閉スペクトラム症傾向の関連

―自己注意の操作を用いた検討―

抄録

This study examined the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tendencies and self-reference effect, through experimental manipulation of attention to self. Participants were 55 university students (14 men and 41 women, M = 19.2 years old [standard deviation = 1.15]), who were randomly divided into two groups: self-attention group and other-attention group. The low-ASD tendency participants exhibited shorter correct response times to memory tasks pertaining to self, and information (p < .05), whereas the high-ASD tendency participants showed no significant differences. There was no significant difference in correct response time between the self- and other-attention groups. From this, we discussed that individuals with a high ASD tendency may process social stimuli (such as self and others) similarly to non-social stimuli, as part of their personality feature, hence resistant to change through any type of temporary manipulation.