日本帝国主義成立過程における三井物産の発展 : 対中国進出過程の特質を中心に

抄録

Generally speaking the formative process of Japanese imperialism is characterised by state capital and military power which substitute for poorly accumulated capital. But it is not clarified enough about the relevance of private capital into this process. The theme of this paper is to clarify the advance process of Mitsui Bussan Co. towards China and is to examin the significance of this large private capital in the formative process of Japanese imperialism. Mitsui Bussan Co. has occupied a key possition of Japanese trade as well as one of core enterprises of Mitsui Zaibatsu. After Sino-Japanese War, its advance to China in trade founded on the coherence with relevant companies of Mitsui Zaibatsu group and its powerful sales network to establish the monopolistic position in channels of distribution. This matter was a primary factor of growing financial clique as well as supporting the establishment of industrial capital. Though Mitsui Bussan Co. was also active in capital export, which didn't occupy a key position of advance into China and Mitsui's inroad to China has been done chiefly through its channels of distribution. For this Bussan's inroad to China, Russo-Japanese War was a turnning point to add new characteristics. During the war, Bussan was engaged in supplying the military as a wartime purveyor. On one hand this accomplished the commissariat role of Japanese military invation. On the other hand it brought a large profit to Mitsui Bussan Co. itself, too. It also made the Bussan's relation with the government and the military closer. Though it is certain that this engagement in military supply based on the monopolistic position in distribution, it was also a turnning point to make this monopolistic position more powerful. In the trade with China after Russo-Japanese War, Mitsui Bussan Co. has strengthened its monopolistic position through increasing trade. Especially in "Manchuria", expansion of the market has developed with various features. On one hand it has attempted to expand the market depending on the state inroad (military inroad, railroad, finance etc). On the other hand, it was indispensable to carry out the government politics, which were to control the trade with "Manchuria" or to manage Southern Manchuria Railroad and so on. At the same time, Bussan's monopolistic position in channels of distribution obtained stabler superiority depending on the state inroad or taking advantage of governmental politics. Thus, Japanese imperialistic inroad has developed rapidly while the inroad of both the state and the large private capital depended each other.