日本における「全般的労働義務制」の成立 : 国家独占資本主義の労働確保政策の問題に関連して

抄録

In this article it is intended to throw light on the historical conditions of the introduction of conscription system in Japan, which played so an important role in the labor power security policy of war-time state monopoly capitalism. In the first place we can observe that the conscription system had been a sort of the Universal Labour Service, the most developed form of the low-wage policy by way of state monopoly capitalism, which had been going forth during the Sino-Japanese and the Pacic War. So it is necessary to focus our concerns upon the first establishment of legal fundament of this system in the period of the World War I and to clarify the conditions of emergence thereof. This bill was laid before tapis in the Diet through the pressure of Japanese capitalism to secure the needed labour force for such huge heavy and military industries as in Yawata and in Kure in order to make up its condition of inferior military equipment. Furthermore, this bill thus made up the first step of legislation for the Universal Labour Service, assisted with the existing absolutistic legislation to secure the labour force, (the Requisition Act), undeveloped labour movement and semi-feudal labour relation, and imperialistic bourgeoisie took advantages of this act as the fundamental of this system, in full meaning.