抄録
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure has been a world-wide problem that threat human’s health. It was a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and bad outcome of birth. To investigate the adverse effect that CS induced in the early stage of development and search for the possible mechanism of bad outcome of birth, the embryonic stem cell test (EST) was applied, for the pluripotency and inducible manipulation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). EST has been validated to be a feasible in vitro method for the prediction of developmental toxicity, and cardiomyocytes derived from mouse ESCs were an ideal model for the study of early stage of cardiogenesis. Here, we designed a cigarette smoke collection machine to separate the mainstream smoke (MSS) and sidestream smoke (SSS). Adjusting to same volumes, cigarette smoke condensates (CSEs) of both were collected, and then mouse ESCs were exposure to different concentrations of CSEs during the process of differentiation. Expression of key transcription factors, such as Gata4, Tbx5, Tbx20 and Mef2c, and transcript myosin heavy chain (MHC) were detected by real-time PCR analysis when the exposure phase ended. Our data showed that both MSS and SSS were classified as strong teratogens according to the EST protocol, and revealed a different expression pattern between MSS and SSS exposure. It was noteworthy that SSS inhibited the expression of Gata4 specifically. Further study was needed to confirm that if there was any relation between the CSs exposure, inhibited expression of Gata4 and cardiac-related bad outcome of birth.
