主催: 日本毒性学会
Extravasation of anticancer drugs can cause severe skin lesions, and cold or warm compress is used for non-pharmacological management. Warm compress have been applied for skin lesions after extravasation of vinca alkaloids even though there is no clear scientific evidence. In the present study, we examined the cytotoxic effects and severity of skin lesions after treatment of vesicant anticancer drugs under various temperatures. Skin injury due to paclitaxel extravasation subcutaneously was induced in Wistar rats, and applied to cold or warm compress for 30 min. To elucidate the cytotoxicity of vesicant anticancer drugs, HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations of vinorelbine, paclitaxel and docetaxel, for 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hr, and measured the cell viability used by Cell Counting Kit-8. HepG2 cells were treated with vinorelbine, paclitaxel and docetaxel at 23˚C, 37˚C and 41˚C, for 24 hr, and measured the cell viability. Cold compress was not affected to skin lesions of subcutaneous tissue induced by paclitaxel, although warm compress was worsened the skin lesions. The cell viability treated with high dose anticancer drugs were significantly decreased until 24 hr after treatment, whereas at low dose were significantly decreased after 48 hr treatment. The declines of cell viability treated with anticancer drugs at 23˚C were suppressed compared with treatments at 37˚C, although treatments at 41˚C were enhanced. These results suggested that extravasation induced local cytotoxicity. Warm compress may enhance skin toxicity when anticancer drugs extravasation occurs.
