Host: The Japanese Society of Toxicology
Name : The 50th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Toxicology
Date : June 19, 2023 - June 21, 2023
Protein structures are extremely diverse. When subjected to post-translational modifications by some active species, their structures and functions change according to the surrounding environment, leading to the expression of functions, such as biological responses. Such cases are found in host defense reactions, such as detoxification and innate immunity. Therefore, chemical protein modification not only changes the protein structure, but also imparts new functionality to the protein in an adduct-specific manner, which can be used as a signal. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that not only endogenous short-lived active species derived from fatty acids and carbohydrates, but also everyday common compounds, such as vegetable food ingredients, act on proteins and that the modified structures formed on the proteins also interacts with non-immune cells and proteins. Based on this background, it is important to comprehensively analyze the characteristic patterns of chemical modification ("modification signatures") of biological components, such as proteins and lipids, and to understand the mechanisms of biological responses to them. This will bring new changes and conversions to the biology of chemical modification, which has been regarded as a mere “injury” until now. In this symposium, I would like to introduce recent findings on the mechanisms of biological responses brought about by the formation of modified structures caused by oxidation.
