2021 年 87 巻 902 号 p. 21-00073
The crash safety structure of the railway vehicles is important as one of the safety measures against the train crews and the passengers in the event of a collision accident. It is impractical to perform collision testing many times using the actual train unit to design the crash safety structure, whereby the numerical simulation is effective and it is important to validate the analytical accuracy. However, there are few studies of collision tests and numerical simulations using actual size carbody structures according to Japanese design standards, and even fundamental data have not been sufficiently obtained. Therefore, firstly, the authors performed the collision test of an actual-size partial stainless-steel carbody structure of a railway leading vehicle against a rigid wall and finite element analysis under the same condition as the test for the purpose of validating and improving the analytical accuracy of numerical simulation. Secondly, we carried out the collision test of the same carbody structure of a railway leading vehicle against a typical large dump truck in Japan and obtained the fundamental data such as the time histories of the impact compression load and the acceleration of the carbody structure as well as the deformational and fractural behavior of them. We also performed FE analysis under the same condition as the experimental test and compared the numerical result to the experimental one. As a result, the numerical result was consistent with the experimental result. Finally, we expanded the partial carbody structure model to a single carbody model and carried out the collision analysis of it against a large dump truck. Thereby, the impact deformation and fracture behavior of the railway carbody under the actual level-crossing accident were estimated.
