ハンガリー語の所有接辞を含む後置詞について

抄録

  In this paper, I analyze the “alapján (on the basis of)” that bears possessive affix in Hungarian. The postposition “alapján” can be analyzed as the compound form of “alap (“base”)”, “-ja (3 rd. person singular possessive affix)” and “-n (superessive case suffix)”. My examples of alapján have been collected from a number of newspapers and the corpus of Hungarian Literature and History. Here, I use a means of analysis called “chained possessive relation (C of B of A)”. The chained possessive relation is presented as follows :

  (a) A B-possessive-DATIVE C-possessive

I gathered samples of alapján in which the noun “alap” of alapján is in the C slot. My observations show that in many samples the dative case suffix is lost at the end of B.

  (b) A B-possessive-ø alap (C)-já (possessive)-n (superessive)

As a possessive construction in Hungarian, this usage of alapján is ungrammatical. This is because, according to the chained possessive relation, the pattern is supposed to be :

  (b’) A B-possessive-DATIVE alap (C)-já (possessive)-n (superessive)

In fact, however, expression (b), which lacks a dative suffix at the end of B, is much more frequently used than (b’). These two types have different meanings in each sentence and the difference derives from the original meaning of alapján. I conclude that the alapján in (b) is a much more grammaticalized postposition than in (b’), because the possessive function of -ja in alapján has been lost in (b).