明治期における幼稚園保姆検定に関する考察

抄録

The purpose of this study is to examine the state of Certificate Examination System for kindergarten teachers during the Meiji Period. In the early developmental stage of the kindergarten, many unqualified persons were employed as teachers and there were few kindergarten teacher training schools. As such, the training and hiring of qualified teachers became an important subject. The Certificate Examination System for kindergarten teachers was similar to teacher training school and succeeded in creating a large number of qualified teachers. In 1925, for example, 41% of qualified applicants passed the Certificate Examination System. One way was though passing the examination. The other way was though a vetting process where the applicant's academic background and experiences were assessed. Despite the importance of this system, before the establishment of the "Imperial Order on Kindergartens" in 1926 the qualifications for sitting for the examination, the subjects that appeared on the examination and even the passing grade level varied from prefecture to prefecture. In short, there was no clear standard during the Meiji period. In this paper, I introduce and discuss Meiji Period materials that document the Certification requirements for Ehime, Osaka and Hyogo prefectures.