抄録
This paper intended to discribe the photoviscoelastic technique to practical use which is known as one of the experimental viscoelastic stress and strain analyses. The fundamental equations for photoviscoelastic analysis are induced by use of two-dimensional linear photoviscoelastic theory. Prior to making a practical photoviscoelastic analysis, mechanical and optical characterizations of the materials are required. In other words, it is necessary to determine the time-and temperature dependent viscoelastic and photoviscoelastic coefficients. In this paper, the procedure for determination of photoviscoelastic coefficients is described in detail using epoxy resin. The practical photoviscoelastic analyses were carried out on three characteristic problems. The first is the analysis of a strip with a circular hole made of polyurethane resin, to which the practical load is subjected at constant temperature. The second is the analysis of a square plate with a central hole made of polyurethane resin, to which the non-proportional load is subjected at constant temperature. In this case, the axes of polarization of light, principal stress and principal strain do not coincide with each other. The third is the analysis of a epoxy strip which is subjected to rapid cooling from both sides. This is so-called a thermoviscoelastic problem, in which there is a large temperature change in the body.
