The purpose of this paper is to analyze the China Power in U.S.-China Relations after COVID-19, especially focus on the direction of its Traditional Security Power and Economic Security Power and examine its response. First, consider the direction of U.S.-China global competition. In addition, analyze China Dream, Chinese Traditional Security Power and Chinese Economic Security Power. Furthermore, examine the direction of the U.S. Naval Strategy and the Significance of scaling Quad. The meaning of this paper is to get fruits for steering Japanese future through making clear the direction of China Power.

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Waste incineration plants are essential urban facilities for maintaining smooth urban activities and a good urban environment. But consensus building in the plan of construction and rebuilding of incineration plants, those are NIMBY facilities, is still a big issue. Currently, waste incineration plants in Japan are aging nationwide and the need for renewal and life extension measures of facilities is under pressure. Wide area cooperation and facility integration for efficient facility management are also needed in areas where waste reduction and population decline are progressing. It is important to understand the planning process from the perspective of risk management to ensure that the development of such facilities can proceed without delay, even in the midst of drastic changes in the social environment. In such a situation, the Ministry of the Environment has set up a policy to promote the development of waste management facilities that create new value in the region. Based on these recent trends, this study focuses on citizen participation efforts at the planning stage of waste incineration plants and discusses desirable planning and consensus-building. Especially, it is considered that as citizen participation efforts change, the planning processes also change significantly.

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The spread of COVID-19 infection has revealed the difference in the crisis management capabilities of governments in their response. In Japan, the delay of Special Cash Payments exposed the backwardness of the e-government. Therefore, the Digital Agency was established on September 1, 2021. It is expected not only to accelerate e-government but also to improve the usability of usercentered administrative services. In order to achieve this, user-centered design using citizen discussion groups and civic tech is required. This paper discusses the design of user-centered e-government.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between risk-taking and diversification and business withdrawal as well as risk-taking and corporate performance for mature companies. The measure of risk-taking is the standard deviation of EBITDA/TA, which is the most used measure in previous studies. Furthermore, we consider the time lagged effect of risk-taking and corporate performance. This study used the entropy index and Herfindahl index as indicators of business diversification, and the overseas sales ratio as an indicator of regional diversification. In addition, Organization Restructuring Gain/loss on business were used as an indicator of business withdrawal. The results of the quantitative analysis suggest that risk-taking and corporate performance are positively for mature companies, even after taking into account the time lag. In addition, the results suggest that it is desirable for maturity companies to specialize in business through the business withdrawal, and that it is desirable to make more progress in regional diversification.

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