Studies in English Literature
Online ISSN : 2424-2136
Print ISSN : 0039-3649
ISSN-L : 0039-3649
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Volume 33, Issue 2
Displaying 1-33 of 33 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages Cover1-
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_Cover1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages Toc1-
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_Toc1
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  • THE POETRY OF T. S. ELIOT : A Passage into the Rose Garden
    Tsuyoshi Takatani
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 221-238
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_221
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    This essay begins with some observations upon the nature of what Eliot calls 'the moment of the Rose.' A moment of shock comes to us, a moment 'both in time and out of time' in which we feel ourselves elevated for a while. In this moment of the Rose, our consciousness attaining the depth which has never been realized before, we get a glimpse of 'the Rose Garden', which is a state of bliss. But the moment passes, the dream is gone, and we become ourselves once again. But a true poet is he who explores 'beyond the frontiers of ordinary consciousness.' He tries to penetrate deeper and deeper into the bottom of himself until he finally finds himself one with the Rose Garden. It is to Dante that Eliot owes these fundamental ideas of his poetic activity. He observes that Dante, starting from the unique moment of shock, which was the moment of encounter with Beatrice, developed the experience into a larger and larger whole of experiences, of which the Divine Comedy was the result; the line of development which Eliot himself took in his own creative activity. Thus, we can regard the development of Eliot's poetry as a gradual process of integration of his earlier moments of roses into a larger and deeper whole of feeling, of which the Four Quartets is the highest achievement. This essay is meant to be a kind of introduction to the Four Quartets and humbly halts itself before the entrance to 'the Rose Garden.'
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  • Poetry, Religion and Science
    Minoru Osawa
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 239-248
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_239
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  • A NOTE ON ARNOLD KETTLE'S "AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ENGLISH NOVEL" (VOL. II)
    Takeshi Uchida
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 249-265
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_249
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    According to A. Kettle's analysis, there is no 'great' novel in the twentieth century; he finds only a few 'good' novels. He says Edwardian novelists are 'narrow.' Though V. Woolf, D. H. Lawrence, James Joyce wrote against Edwardian novelists, they only took 'pessimism' for 'narrowness.' Aldous Huxley and Graham Greene tried to find out true significance of life only to fall deeper into despond. What is the reason of this total failure of the twentieth century English novel? According to A. Kettle's diagnosis, what is lacking in the twentieth century English novel is 'a basic conflict.' In this article I discuss A. Kettle's dictum on 3 points. (1) A. Kettle approaches the English novel from its 'matter' side. What is the matter' of the English novel? Liberty of the individual; religious, economic, and social liberty. From this point of view, the golden age of the English novel is the eighteenth century, and in the nineteenth century, the so-called Victorian Retreat' begins. However, we can not neglect the other way of approaching; namely, an approach from its 'form' side. Before Henry James, it is possible to understand the English novels chiefly from their 'matter'; but after Henry James, it is preferable to approach them from their 'form,' namely aesthetic beauty as an art. F. R. Leavis, far from admitting the so-called 'Victorian Retreat', contends that the truly great English novelists are Jane Austen, George Eliot, Henry James, Joseph Conrad, and D. H. Lawrence. To understand the English novel correctly, not only A. Kettle's dictum, but also F. R. Leavis's way of approaching must be taken into consideration, I think. (2) In English society which has the social homogeneity, there is a 'class-difference', but no 'class-consciousness.' In such society, the 'basic conflict' that is first to rise, is not a conflict between the governing class and the governed-class; perhaps, a conflict between the governing nation and the governed nation may be the first to appear. The novels of Joseph Conrad, E. M. Forster, Joyce Cary, George Orwell, and others are to be considered in this context, and A. Kettle's book is very suggestive in this point. (3) It is often said that historically we are now in a crisis. What is the nature of the present crisis? When the reality and the idea go side by side, we feel no strangeness; but one of them is forward and the other lags behind, we feel strangeness, and when the distance between them is very great, we feel anxiety; this is the nature of a crisis. In the present crisis, reality is forward, and idea lags behind. What should we do to find out our way through this crisis? Traditionalists disbelieve in 'progress,' and insist to make the reality go backwards to the point where the idea is lagging. A. Kettle is not for traditionalists's view of history. If we consider not only literature but also other human activities, is it not preferable to take sides with A. Kettle who believes in progress, not with T. S. Eliot a traditionalist?
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  • SWIFT'S WOMEN : Constituting a part of the study of the personal characteristics of Jonathan Swift
    Kozo Fukamachi
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 267-287
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_267
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    An attempt was made in this paper to elucidate some peculiarities of Swift's personal character by considering his relations with his female friends. The conclusions arrived at by the writer are, briefly, these: -that Swift sought for intellectual equals and companions of men in women; that 'friendship and esteem' was the theme he constantly harped upon to women, that in stead of the 'Prostitute' he tried to find in women, especially in Stella, the 'Mother' and the 'Child', and that in his delineation of Glumdalclitch in a Voyage to Brobdingnag of Gulliver's Travels we find unconsciously reflected his pathetic yearning after his beloved Stella.
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  • ON BEN JONSON'S INTERPRETATION OF THE DIPHTHONGS
    Tetsuro Hayashi
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 289-302
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_289
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    The statements of the diphthongs in Ben Jonson, The English Grammar (1640), show his essential view that any combination of two vowels in one syllable should be principally diphthongal as in Ai (Ay), Ei, Au (Aw), Ou (Ow), etc. The only exceptions seem to be Ea and Oo, in which he undoubtedly recognized long vowels [ε:] and [u:] respectively as in slime and puile, and here we have to suppose that he applied the 'diphthong' to the 'digraph.' Jonson must have thought that both ai (ay) and ei were pronounced closely alike as [εi], although early grammarians like Smith (1568) and Mulcaster (1582) made a class distinction between them as [ai] and [ei], while the more advanced sound [ee] suggested by Hart (1569), that is, probably [ε:] was becoming colloquially current even among educated speakers. Jonson evidently gives a sharp-accented e (ME e) the value of [i:] as in quene, sene, etc. The similarly accented e for ea (ME e) as in mete and stem, however, very likely stands for [e:] or [e:], which Jonson would have used in meate, seate, as well as earle, pearle. Other contemporary orthoepists like Gill (1621) and Wallis (1653) still give the traditional sound [ee] in the ea-words instead of the advanced colloquial variant [i:] from an early raising of e (<ME e). It is quite reasonable that the sharp-accented i (ME i) as in alive, drive, etc., except give, may have been fixed in Jonson's phonological system as a distinct sound from either ai (ay) or e (ee). The most plausible sound for this i would be [ai] or [Ai], the diphthongal nature being evidenced by his occasional spellings, e.g., feight orfyght for 'fight' and I (interjection) for 'aye? We can safely assume that Jonson was too much spelling-bound to recognize a fully rounded vowel [〓:] in fal, calme, and audience, aunt, law, saw. Gill's d in the phonetic transcription of a in ball and aw in bawle seems to be an attempt to indicate an [〓:]-like sound, but Jonson may have clung to the old-fashioned variant [au], the same sound as that suggested by Smith and Bullokar (1580). Certainly Jonson had a clear idea of the vocalic distinction between ou (ME ou) in ought, mow, and ou (ME u) in sound, how; to him ou would have sounded [o:u] or [o:^u] and ou [ou:] or [°u:] according to his explanation. Although there is certain rhyme evidence to prove the levelling of M E o with ou into a monophthong [o:], the traditional diphthong [ou] for ME ou may have been still used by Jonson and others, as most of early authorities approve its existence. But Jonson's phonological interpretation of the diphthong ou was probably based upon an earlier stage of its progress, that is, [ou:] virtually identical with [ouu] suggested by Hart and Gill, because he could scarcely recognize a more or less centralized vowel [〓] or [A] in the first element of [au] or [Au], the sound being the most plausible for the ou as early as the beginning of the 17th century.
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  • F. W. BATESON, Wordsworth, A Re-interpretation, Longmans, Green & Co., 1954, viii +227 pp., 21s.
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 303-306
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_303
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  • PHILIP LINDSAY, The Haunted Man: a Portrait of Edgar Allan Poe, London, 1953, 256 pp., 16s.
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 306-309
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_306
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 309-312
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_309
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 313-314
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_313
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 314-315
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_314
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 315-316
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_315
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 316-317
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_316
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 317-321
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_317
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  • [title in Japanese]
    T. S.
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 321-323
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_321
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 323-324
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_323
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 325-326
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_325
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 326-328
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_326
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 328-329
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_328
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 330-332
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_330
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 332-333
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_332
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 334-336
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_334
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Bibliography
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 337-340
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_337
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 341-346
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_341
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 346-350
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_346
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 350-352
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_350
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Bibliography
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages Misc1-
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_Misc1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Bibliography
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages Misc2-_387_
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_Misc2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages 388-392
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_388
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages App1-
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_App1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages App2-
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_App2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1957 Volume 33 Issue 2 Pages App3-
    Published: March 30, 1957
    Released on J-STAGE: April 10, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20759/elsjp.33.2_App3
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