In wiriting Coriolanus, Shakespeare used as its main source Plutarch's Lives translated into English by Thomas North in 1579. This essay will, in comparison with 'The Life of Caius Martius Coriolanus,' deal with the following terms. 1. The meaning of 'virtue' and its importance in the play 2. The characteristics of Coriolanus, his wife, his mother and Aufidius 3. The meaning of the tragedy of Coriolanus While discussing these, the present writer gives some interpretations of the isssues that the tragedy contains, such as : whether the Roman hero is proud or not and whetehr we can acknowledge his growth or not in the play.

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The nature of the human mind, its quest for the ideal, and the question whetehr or not there is something immortal in man were topics that Shelley pursued all his life. His stance concerning these questions shifted radically between his university days and the year of his death in 1822.

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D. H. Lawrence is apt to be misunderstood. Among all sorts of calumniations, what most maliciously framed is to have reckoned him to be an autocrat or a dictator like Hitler before and during the Second World War. It is deemed that this might have been caused, because he tried to maintain his dignity to be a writer by nature ; that is, to be natural as a writere for him was the foremost principle for him. So that he did not take any heed of criticism toward him, but pursued his own sensibility. Accordingly, he was a born traveler and adventurer who found the spirit of place that his sensibility had chosen. He thought, 'A book lives as long as it is unfathomed' and he lived a life which was immeasurable. Lawrence did not utilize any kind of technique that twentieth century writers such as Proust or Joyce did. He used only his sensibility so that nature made him know how he developed his new way of life. From these points of view, I scrutinized how Lawrence was thought to be a Primitivist in this thesis.

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The term Genteel Tradition or Victorianism has been used widely and with various meanings. Genrally, however, it refers to that literature in America from about 1870 to the turn of the century which was molded by the 'polite' manners and rigorous taboos of refined society. In the literary world 'genteel' writers and critics, supported by william D. howells, tried to keep the tradition under the slogan 'Be concerned with more smiling aspects of life' and 'Never, never write anything you would be ashamed to read to women.' And they severely attacked L' Assommoir and other novels by Emile Zola, a founder of Naturalism for the reaso that his works were dirty in description and harmful to healthy youg men and women, When Stephen Crane, Frank Norris and Theodore Dreiser published Naturalistic novel at home, many 'genteel' critics openly attacked them. But their attacks were out of place, because they didn't have clear perception of the social change of that day, nor could they appreciate the real purpose of these young writers. It is certain that the Genteel Tradition waas followed by Naturalism as its antithesis. Therefore, as the former declined in its power at the beginning of 20th century, the latter gave place to muckrakig novels and disappeared. Neither the Genteel Tradition nor Naturalism enjoyed longevity but it is certain that they have left something essentiaal in contemporary literature.

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It is said that American English often drops the preposition "on" before the names of the days of the week as in I'll see you Friday. Is this omission of "on" an established usage? In this paper I tried to show how often "on" is dropped not only in American English but also in British English by giving statistical evidence from contemporary ovels, magazines and newspapers.

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A comprehensive phonological description of a given language should be composed of a combination of numerous heterogeneous systems which accord with the complexity of the speech-continuum. Daniel Jones's kind of traditional phonemic approach to phonology, which grew out of the transcriptional requirement and completely and conveniently ignores phonological structure (i.e. grammar) and function (i.e. meaning), cannot take account of such complicated phenomena in language-utterance. In this article a detailed discussion of prosodic phonology-the first non-linear approach to phonology-will be used to demonstrate that considerations from other descriptive levels are highly relevant to the phonological description in the light of the complexity and the dynamic nature of the speech processing.

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The response and development so Social Darwinism deserves to be called one of the most fruitful objects for comparative studies. The reason is that this thought was accepted into various countries and given different modifications in the late 19th century. In spite of the situation, previous studies of this field have not so far established any clear frame of reference through which we can compare different variations of Social Darwinism. This is the main reason why the present author attempted to devise a possible scheme for the comparative studies on this thought, by surveying the books of Darwin, Spencer, etc.

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In legal theory, law cannot be deduced from right. T. Hobbes may have known this. In Leviathan, however, he draws natural law out of natural right, which makes his political theory complicated. How can we interpret the relation of natural law to natural right in Hobbes? Natural right is definitively considered. What Hobbes calls natural right corresponds to man's behavior in the state of nature. According to his political theory, he defines natural law as the dicates of reason. What he calls reason is deliberation in man7s behavior. Thus, the present author could regard man's behavior as a key to the explanation for Hobbes's concept of natural law and natural right. By mean of the key, the question was worked out whether natural law can be decduced from natural right or not.

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The theoretical feasibility of text compression of a series of literary works by one author through non-bit-operation techniques by creating a macro-substitution dictionary and skeleton files is discussed. The objective of compression is to store multiple text files onto microcomputer storage devices. Compression techniques so far developed by other researcher are first reviewed and the efficiency of the macro-compression technique is examined.

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In many ways, mutual understanding across cultures is not easier than generally imagined, rather, it is more difficult in the present world since people are compelled, more or less, to have contact with many complicated events happening even in foreign countries. The author hopes that this paper could give an opportunity to people to think about the more concrete meaning of this important issue. For this purpose, the issue should be studied through the obsrvation of the reality of each different cultural situation, not through general theories in books or in mass media. human beings themselves are not simple entities. Therefore, the study of cultural issues needs much knowledge from various fields such as anthropology, psychology, linguistics, etc. As a matter of fact, this paper is written including the author's own past and present experiences both as a TESL student in the united States and as a TESL teacher in the two countries : the United States and Japan. The focus of the paper is on the Japanese children on the primary level living with their family in the United State, whose education is given both in the American school Monday through Friday and in the Japanese school on Saturday. In reality, the author, as a Japanese teacher, taught these children in a Japanese school in New York in 1969. Furthermore, recently, the author could attend a seminar sponsored by the society for the study of home-coming students in the private schools in Hyogo Prefecture on September 26, 1987. Indeed, it was interesting to hear many frank opinions from some students who attended the seminar.

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Our daily communication is not consisted only of the language exchanged between the talkers. The tendency to rely only on the verbal language should be more strongly emphasized in the language classroom. Non-native speakers of any language are likely to rely more heavily on visual clues to support their comprehension than are native speakers. In teaching language as visual comprehension as well as the verbal one, the role of utilizing video is discussed as follows. In addition, in what way we should use the video programme is considered as well.

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