In order to put a better constraint on how far the influence of subducted water extends in the mantle, we determined halogens and noble gases of H2O-rich fluid inclusions in peridotites from subduction zones (the Avacha volcano, the Pinatubo volcano and the Horoman massif). Their compositions suggest that sedimentary pore fluids-derived water is subducted at least beneath the island arcs.
Melting temperature of the Earth's mantle provides key constraints on the thermal structures in both the mantle and the core. We show that the solidus temperature of a primitive (pyrolitic) mantle is as low as 3570 ± 200 kelvin at the core-mantle boundary (CMB), based on the observation of small amounts of partial melt by three-dimensional x-ray micro-tomography imaging. It gives the upper bound of the CMB temperature (TCMB) since the mantle side of the CMB is not globally molten. Such remarkably low TCMB indicates that silicate post-perovskite may be present ubiquitously above the CMB. The low TCMB also requires that the melting temperature of outer core alloy is depressed largely by the impurity effect, suggesting that hydrogen is an important alloying element.
Secular variation of the 40Ar/36Ar of the terrestrial atmosphere and the Earth's interior gives a significant information on the degassing history of the Earth and several models have been proposed about it. However,such experimetal data on the past 40Ar/36Ar as are reliable to check such models are quite limited. In this study, I will discuss about reasons why it is not easy to get reliable 40Ar/36Ar in the past together with some cautions during data acquisitions.
JAMSTEC provides its rock sample information at the Deep Seafloor Rock Sample Database GANSEKI". GANSEKI experienced a major update in 2013. In the new GANSEKI
The Nyos volcano located in the Oku Volcanic Group (OKVG) of the CVL is unique because it hosts basanite and alkaline basalts in association with tholeiitic basalts. The aim of this study is to constrain the petrogenesis of these rock types from their geochemical characteristics. Similarity in Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta ratios of both alkaline and tholeiitic basalts strongly indicated their derivation from the same mantle source.
Chemical and stable isotopic compositions (δD, δ18O, δ34S) of hot spring waters from the Miocene gtanitic rocks area surrounding the Kofu basin were analyzed to constrain the water-rock interactions to make chemical properties and isotopic characteristics of hot spring waters.
Volcanoes are the major degassing source of the earth and we can quantify fluxes of these degassing. Therefore, these fluxes provide us important constraints to understand evolution of the atmosphere and the ocean, and material recycling in the Earth's interior. Volcanic volatile fluxes at the subduction zones are commonly estimated based on 1) flux measurement of various emissions of gases and waters, or 2) magma flux and volatile contents in the magma. We will review these methods and reveal the present status and problems of the flux estimate methods.
A compilation on the field occurrence, distribution and carbon isotope characteristics of carbon-bearing rocks in lower crustal rocks in different settings and discuss the mechanism of isotopic partitioning in a context of carbon geodynamic cycle is presented in this talk.
An understanding of the environmental dynamics of the radiocaesium released from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant is a crucial issue for remediation of the Fukushima environment because it is the main radionuclide which contributes to population dose within the contaminated area. This paper presents the research project of JAEA on the transport and depositional behavior of the radiocaesium in the Fukushima environments, such as forests, rivers, and dam lake.
Pollucite is a kind of zeolites and has cesium ion in the framework. In this study, pollucite was synthesized hydrothermally from cesium and natural mordenite or clinoptilolite or smectite at 513K.
In order to better understand isotopic homogenization processes in the early solar system, we are planning to conduct multi-isotope analyses using SIMS on hibonite-bearing inclusions from CM chondrites. We applied freeze-thaw separation, density separation and hand-picking to the Murchison CM2 chondrite and succeeded to separate several tens of hibonite-bearing inclusions. Various types of hibonite-bearing inclusions, including new types, were found in the present study. Here we report SEM-EDS analyses of these newly separated inclusions and discuss possible formation conditions for them.