Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC / MS) can reveal more detailed characteristics of the structure of organic matter by changing the pyrolysis temperature. In order to investigate the structure and thermal characteristics of complex organic matter, a method ”Continuous” that performs GC / MS analysis at a series of pyrolysis temperatures by repeatedly using the same sample, and a method that prepares a new sample for each pyrolysis temperature ”Replaced” step heating methods were examined and evaluated. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis was also performed using a heating stage to observe changes in the sample during analysis.The reproducibility of each of the two methods was confirmed. With the ”Replaced” method, it was possible to discriminate fine peaks, and with ”Continuous”, the difference in the detected compounds was remarkable for each pyrolysis temperature. The results of the experiments using FT-IR were in line with the tendency of the compound species detected at each pyrolysis temperature in the GC / MS experiments. Therefore, it was found that performing pyrolysis GC / MS analysis by changing the pyrolysis temperature using both methods is useful for the analysis of the components and thermal properties of complex organic molecules.

Accurate dead-time correction is an important technique in the CHIME dating using electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) for the accurate determination of trace amounts of lead in Cenozoic and other samples. The uncertainty of the dead time varies from one monochromator to another, and also varies with the aging process. In order to eliminate systematic errors in the dead time correction, we have developed an electronic circuit that allows the blind time to be regarded as constant with acceptable uncertainty.

The Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SaSZ) is one of the most dynamic structural zones of Iran. The Saqqez granitoid in the N-SaSZ was considered as Precambrian-Paleozoic basement without absolute ages, based on the presence of highly deformed structures for a long time. This research focuses on zircon U-Pb dating with whole-rock geochemistry of the granitoid to reveal their geodynamic setting.

Stibnite was widely used for mineral specimens and alloys. Its main component, antimony (Sb), is a highly toxic element. Although the concentrations of Sb in soils are generally low, elevated levels of Sb have been released via mining and other anthropogenic activities. Microorganisms are likely to play important roles in Sb redox transformations in the environment. In this study, we characterized Sb(V)-reducing anaerobic consortium by using physiological, geochemical, and genomic approaches. An anaerobic consortium was enriched from stibnite mine tailing soil by its ability to reduce Sb(V) In addition to Sb(V), other electron acceptors such as As(V), Fe(III) citrate, and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) were reduced in the presence of lactate. Draft genome sequence of this consortium was determined and majority of the sequences (>90%) were assigned to Firmicutes with 79% of sequences belonged to the genus Desulfitobacterium. Functional genes associated with arsenic resistance, nitrate reduction, nitrogen fixation, polysulfide reductase, and putative reductive dehalogenase were found in the genome, indicating metabolic versatility of this consortium.

The Zagros orogenic belt of Iran consists of three parallel tectonic zones: Zagros fold-and-thrust belt, Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, and Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic assemblage (UDMA). The UDMA includes igneous rocks from calc alkaline to alkaline and shoshonitic series. The aim of this study is to understand the petrogenesis of the Paleogene Saveh volcanic rocks in the UDMA by petrological, chemical and Sr-Nd isotopic analysis.

Apatite is a main mineral of calcium phosphates and is a key to understand the geochemistry and petrogenesis of parental magma. In this research, we focus on geochemistry of apatite grains from the Ghareh Bagh mica mine, northwest Iran. Based on the field and petrological observations and REE and Sr isotope analyses, we discuss the source of apatite and the genetic relationship between the apatite and the host rocks.

Travertine is calcium carbonate precipitated from groundwater and spring water, and is widely distributed in northwest Iran. It is one of the suitable samples which can reconstruct paleoenvironment on land with a high resolution.In this study, I first determine the formation age of the travertine and then reveal its source by a series of data of 14C, δ13C, δ18O, 87Sr/86Sr and major- and trace-elemental compositions.