Many literary works left behind by condemned criminals have been found to be incredibly thought-provoking and moving. Yoshiki Sumitama’s tanka (a form of Japanese poem) anthology, “A Deadly Sin,” is one of such. As one can comprehend how deeply the poet’s thoughts with regard to death as a form of atonement for a criminal’s sin, through reading his tanka in “A Deadly Sin,” I consider what his personal religious beliefs were, his views of sin and death, how he confronted his internal agony of his own deadly sin, and how, ultimately, he faced his own fears of death. He reflected his beliefs through his tanka, questioning that the belief in which one can pay for one’s sin through death, is an illusion. The questions with which he questioned himself are the very same questions he questions society and the current law system with.

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Department of Law and Public Policy Faculty of Contemporary Social Studies,Osaka International UniversityThere have been a variety of theories and court cases on the issue of freedom of expression. This paper tries to analyze the concept of freedom of expression in terms of the impacts of new media such as the Internet have on society. The concept of freedom of expression in the traditional media and the concept of freedom of expression in the new media are not the same thing. It has to be admitted that freedom of expression has not been sufficiently protected under the current situation in the new media represented by the Internet. This is due to the fact that circumstances surrounding the new media have changed greatly.

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In June 2006, the world's largest company, Mittal Steel (Netherlands), merged with the second largest, Arcelor (Luxembourg), forming a massive steel manufacturer occupying a 10% share of global steel production.
Global-scale restructuring continues to accelerate, likely exerting a great influence on the Japanese iron and steel industry. Important issues are to preserve growth and to survive in the 21st century. As a necessary action of that purpose, it is important to maintain improvement against huge material suppliers and influential users to take the effective purchase preventive measures from huge competitors, and to build appropriate partnership with other companies.
It is expected not to plan cost competitiveness predominance and scale expansion but also to take action on new issues such as the environmental safeguard in order to realize sustainable development. New value creation is demanded from the Japanese iron and steel industry.

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　No legislative measures have been taken to help patients and families suffering from malignant and serious diseases for three main reasons:
(1) The Japanese government was reluctant to pass laws from such legislative measures.
(2) Patient groups were reluctant to have such laws due to apprehension about their disadvantages.
(3) Although the Democratic Party of Japan worked to pass such laws, the political climate under the Koizumi cabinet did not allow politicians to deliberate on such bills, due to many political problems.

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Fukuzawa Yukichi of Japan and his Chinese counterpart Zhang Zhi Dong lived in the same era and greatly influenced youth in their respective countries. Both men published a book under the same title, An Encouragement of Learning. A major difference between the two men was namely that Fukuzawa lived abroad in Western countries whereas Zhang did not. Therefore Fukuzawa understood cultural issues imbedded in daily life which were taken for granted by Westerners. Zhang on the other hand could not understand these issues having not experienced life in Western culture.

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