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Ti-Ag alloys with 20 and 25 mass% Ag were prepared. The polished alloys were immersed in a simulated body fluid, and their surfaces were observed by EPMA to investigate the spontaneous formation of calcium phosphates, with pure titanium and silver used as controls. Hardness and surface roughness were also examined. Calcium phosphates were formed on the Ti-Ag alloys and pure titanium but not on pure silver. The amount and the Ca/P molar ratios of the precipitates of the Ti-Ag alloys and pure titanium did not differ significantly. The Ti-Ag alloys showed significantly higher hardness and lower roughness than pure titanium.

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In this study, we investigated the chemical property and biological response of titanium with different ages. Machined, acid etched and sandblasted titanium surfaces were prepared. Immediately (fresh), 3 days, 1 week and 1 month after the preparation, the surfaces were examined for hydrophilicity and biological response. The amount of albumin adsorbed to the 1 month old acid-etched surface was 30% of that for the fresh acid-etched surface. The amounts of protein adsorption of the 1 month-old surfaces were lower by 30% than for the fresh surfaces even after 24 hour incubation. Biological response capacity of titanium drops over time.

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[in Japanese]

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Effect of coating agent for color change of resin-modified glass ionomer cements

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of a resin cement using newly developed PMMA powder. The shear bond strength of the new cement to a silver-palladium-copper-gold alloy was significantly higher than that of another conventional MMA cement. Regarding the new PMMA powder, the brush-dip technique was more suitable than the bulk-mix method to improve the strength.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the properties of Absolute2 and Absolute3.We made specimens to measure micro-tensile bond strengths (MTBS) and observe morphological structure by scanning electron microscopy with Absolute2 and Absolute3. Moreover, specimens bonded to dry enamel and dentin surface were made additionally. MTBS of Absolute3 was higher than those of Absolute2 or Absolute3 bonded to dry tooth surface. It was indicated that the property of Absolute3 was equivalent or superior compared to that of Absolute2.

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Adsorption behaviors of polysaccharides (ex. hyaluronic acid) on the surfaces (hydoxyapatite, gold, titania, silica, PMMA) were investigated by a QCM-D method, to find the conditions of formation of biofilms on the basis of the surface activity (surface enerty). Viscoelastic analysis of the adlayers was done, in which the effects of surfactants on destruction of the adlayer gel were surveyed.

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Titanium and titanium alloys have become very attractive implant materials due to their light weight, high biocorrosion resistance, as well as biocompatibility and mechanical properties. As-cast Ti-10Zr and a series of Ti-10Zr-xCr alloys prepared by using a dental casting machine were investigated. The present work is a study of effects of omega phase on properties of Ti-10Zr-xCr alloys. In the current search for better implant materials, the low modulus, ductile property, excellent elastic recovery capability and reasonably high-strength beta-phase Ti-10Zr-10Cr alloy appears to be a promising candidate.

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Composites of apatite and collagen with different apatite content were fabricated biomimetically. Lyophilized composites were pressed into blocks under 200MPa for 20minutes. The apatite content of the composite was measured by thermo-gravimetrically. The structure of the composite blocks were observed by SEM. The mechanical property was analyzed by three point bending test. The toughness of the composite with low apatite content was higher than that of the composite with high apatite content. While, the bending strength of the composite with high apatite content was larger than that of the composite with low apatite content.

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[in Japanese]

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The final purpose of this study is to develop a high-performance implant, which can prevent infection for a couple of day immediately after the operation and then promote the osseointegration. As a fundamental study, hollow calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite microspheres revealing high solubility were made to adhere onto a titanium screw, of which the surface had been treated with hydrofluoric acid. The effects of conditions for the surface treatment on the surface state of titanium and the adhering amount of the microspheres were investigated.

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Unidirectionally interconnected porous material composed of hydroxyapatite/collagen nanocomposite (HAp/Col) was fabricated by roll-up of the HAp/Col filter-paper-like wavy membrane of which one side was filled with HAp/Col paste. Accodingly, pore number was decreased to a half to the previous porous HAp. Bone repairing capability of the HAp/Col porous material was evaluated by segmental tibial defect of dogs.

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Solubilized carbon nanotube/avidin complex was synthesized for applying the hyperthermia device of cancer treatment. The preparation condition was investigated by using quartz crystal microbalance. The carbonnanotube/avidin complex was obtained by reaction of avidin and carboxyl group-modified carbon nanotube.

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DNA/protamine complexes with carbonate apatite were prepared by mixing DNA/protamine complexes and carbonate apatite. Relationship between viscosity of carbonate- DNA/protamine complexes and amount of carbonate apatite in carbonate- DNA/protamine complexes was investigated. Biocompatibility of carbonate - DNA/protamine complexes was also investigated by cell adhesion tests and animal experiments.

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We observed morphologies of dehydrated and dissected phorbor-ester-differentiated THP-1 cells (human macrophage) cultured in IC10% medium containing copper ions. By absorption of copper ions, the macrophage became foam cells due to lipid uptake, and accumulated much copper ions intracellularly. The copper ion distribution in the cytosol was not different to that in the nucleus.

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