The evaluation for the fuel concentration near the spark plug is important for direct injection gasoline engine to improve the thermal efficiency with stratified concentration of fuel mixture. This study investigated the cycle to cycle variations for the fuel concentration near the spark plug region using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) which can realize to simulate the cycle variation for the flow field. The results show that the LES can evaluate not only the differences of mean value but also deviation regarding the local fuel concentration between engine operating conditions.

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UN ECE/WP29/GRSP/GTR7 proposed the new neck injury protection performance test methods in rear-end collision using the rear impact test dummy (BioRID-II) for reduction of minor neck injury occurrence in rear-end collision. We have been conducted research on dynamic sled test methods, neck injury evaluation methods and certification test methods using BioRID-II dummy in order to propose the neck injury protection performance test methods in rear-end collision for GTR7. This paper reported on those studies and results.

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